4.3.3 Reproductive Issues in Pregnancy Flashcards
How to make a diagnosis of EPL?
MUST KNOW THIS
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WHAT CAUSES EPL?
DUE TO CHROMOSOMAL ABNORMALITIES
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What is the mechanism of Misoprostol?
Prostaglandin E1 analong and induces uterine contractions
For a patient desiring a medical abortion, which of the following regimens are recommended?
Mifepristone followed by misoprostol
What are the clinical stages of EPL?
Complete Ab: spontaneous expulsion fetal and placental tissue from ut cavity
Incomplete Ab: passage of some fetal/placental tissue through cervix
Inevitable Ab: ut bleeding; with cx dilation but no passage tissue
16-25% recognized IUP’s have early vaginal bleeding
up to half have spontaneous abortion
**DIAGNOSIS DEPENDS ON PHYSICAL EXAM, SO DON’T FORGET TO DO THAT!!!!
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A 30 year old is found to have an embryonic demise on ultrasound. She asks what the reason for the miscarriage is. You tell her that the most common cause of miscarriage is:
Genetic abnormalities
What are the characteristics of recurrent pregnancy loss?
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What is the presentation of EPL?
Urgent - Vaginal bleeding and abdominal pain, passing tissue, loss of pregnancy related symptoms
Which of the following is a potential consequence of unsafe abortion?
Maternal death
What is the normal process of implantation?
Blastocyst implants 6-12 days after ovulation à synctiotrophoblasts produce HCG. When implantation happens, then you can detect HCG
Implantation: 5-7 days after fertilization
Takes ~72 hours
Invasion of trophoblast into decidua
Embryonic disc: 1 wk post-implantation
If no embryonic disc, trophoblast still grows, but no embryo
Embryonic discàembryonic/fetal pole
Cardiac activity when pole>=5mm
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What is early pregnancy loss?
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Which of the following is the most common location for an ectopic pregnancy?
The tube
What is the best evaluation for ectopic pregnancy?
Ultrasound and hCG
Mifepristone functions by
Sensitizing the uterus to prostaglandins
How to diagnose pregnancy?
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