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Reproduction and Sexuality > 1.3.3 Male Reproductive Endocrinology > Flashcards

1.3.3 Male Reproductive Endocrinology Flashcards

1
Q

Name three factors that stimulate GnRH release

A

Leptin, norepinephrine (NE), neuropeptide Y (NPY)

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2
Q

Where is the majority of estradiol produced? How?

A

Adipose; aromatization of testosterone

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3
Q

What does inhibin level correlate with?

A

total sperm count and testicular volume

index of spermatogenesis

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4
Q

What is the main function of inhibin B from sertoli cells?

A

Suppress FSH secretion from pituitary

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5
Q
A
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6
Q

ABP produced and released?

A

Produced by sertoli cells and released into the lumen of the seminiferous tubules

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7
Q

What are the three principal hormones produced by the gonads?

A

Testosterone and Estradiol (Leydig cells)

Inhibin B (Sertoli)

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8
Q

What is andropaus

A
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9
Q

Along with secondary sex characteristic development, what occurs during puberty?

A

Growth

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10
Q

What do sertoli cells release in the negative feedback loop on FSH?

A

Inhibin B

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11
Q

What factors inhibit the release of GnRH? (5)

A

GABA, dopamine (DA), IL-1, beta-endorphin, prolactin

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12
Q

How does gonadotrophins (LH and FSH) work?

A

Bind G protein receptors, activate AC, production of cAMP, activation of protein kinase A (PKA)

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13
Q

What does testosterone control?

A
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14
Q

What is activin?

A

locally (pituitary) produced peptide that antagonizes inhibin B resulting in the stimulation of FSH release

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15
Q

What are the key steps in testerone synthesis and metabolism?

A
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16
Q

Draw out the pituitary axis of LH/FSH with the reproductive system

A
17
Q

Shortly after birth, what happens to newborn baby boys?

A

Huge stimulation of LH leading to high levels of testosterone

18
Q

What receptors are present on sertoli cells? (2)

A

FSH and androgen receptors

19
Q

How does testerone act?

A

Passively diffuses through cells

Inactivate cytosolic androgen receptor

Ultimately, activate gene txn

20
Q

What type of cells responds to LH?

A

Leydig cells

21
Q

What are some of the characteristics of someone with Klinefelter’s syndrome?

A
22
Q

What could cause precocious puberty?

A
23
Q

What does degradation occur?

A

Liver

24
Q

What protein plays a key role in the first step of steriod hormone biosynthesis?

A

Steriodogenic acute regulatory (StAR) protein

25
Q

When does androgen production peak during fetal development?

A

2nd trimester

26
Q

Leydig cells produce what which has negative feedback on LH/FSH production?

A

Testosterone

27
Q

What typically binds to testosterone?

A

SHBG (sex hormone binding globulin) and albumin

28
Q

Describe the pattern of testosterone production?

A

Diurnal pattern with early morning peak

29
Q

What are the two classes of testosterone deficiency?

A
30
Q

What are the two types of precocious puberty?

A

Gonadotrophin dependent/independent

31
Q

What transcription factor (peptide) upregulates LH/FSH?

A

GnRH

32
Q

What is Finasteride? What is its usage?

A

5-alpha-reductase inhibitor; BPH and prostate cancer

33
Q

What are some of the products of Sertoli cells? (3)

A

Anti-Mullerian hormone, androgen binding protein, inhibin B

34
Q

What is the effect of testosterone on the bone?

A

Strengthens bone

35
Q

What type of cells respond to FSH?

A

Sertoli

36
Q

What is adrenarche?

A

early sexual maturation (b/t 6-11 y/o), often associated with puberty

37
Q

What occurs during puberty?

A

The amount of testosterone rise and will stay high for rest of life

38
Q

During the pubertal stage, when does LH levels primarily begin to surge?

A

Nocturnally, leading to morning wood

39
Q

What is an important enzyme in testosterone metabolism?

A

aromatase or 5-DHT/5 alpha-reductase

Reproduction and Sexuality (58 decks)

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