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Reproduction and Sexuality > 3.2.1 Urinary and Fecal Incontinence > Flashcards

3.2.1 Urinary and Fecal Incontinence Flashcards

1
Q

What is the testing for fecal incontinence?

A
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2
Q

What are some of the options for anti-cholinergics/anti-muscarinics?

A
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3
Q

Defecation is the result of what? Innervation?

A

Synchronous relaxation of the external anal sphincter and puborectalis; S3-4

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4
Q

How does the severity of urinary incontinence change with age?

A

Frequency and volume increase with age

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5
Q

What is peripheral tibial nerve stimulation?

A
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6
Q

Why is the prevalence of urinary incontinence underestimated?

A

Less than half of patients report it

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7
Q

What are some sources of fecal incontinence?

A
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8
Q

How is the surgery onabotulinum toxin performed?

A

Paralyzes the detrussor, 100 units

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9
Q

Name the urinary incontinence in order of prevalence

A

Stress > Mixed > Urgency

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10
Q

What are the three surgical options for stress incontinence?

A

Midurethral slings, bulking agents, pubovaginal slings

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11
Q

What are some of the common side effects of anti-cholinergics?

A

Dry mouth, constipation, drowsiness, confusion/impaired cognitive function, tachycardia, blurred vision

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12
Q

What are the possible treatments for fecal incontinence?

A
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13
Q

What is sacral neuromodulation?

A
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14
Q

Diagram urge urinary incontinence

A

Bladder is overactive

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15
Q

Initial management of urinary incontinence diagram

A
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16
Q

What is the definition of fecal incontinence?

A
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17
Q

What are some of the surgical treatments of urinary incontinence?

A
18
Q

What are the risk factors for urinary incontinence?

A

Parity, obesity, urinary sx, non-hispanic/white, functional impairment

19
Q

What this be?

A

sphincteroplasty

20
Q

What is the most common treatment for stress incontinence?

A

Structural, so Surgery (S, S, S)

21
Q

What assessments are included when evaluating fecal incontinence?

A

Inspect anus for gaping or scarring

Squeeze looking for uniform circular contraction

Anocutaneous relax (rubbing perianal skin)

Palpate sphincter (digital examination)

22
Q

What is a clinical way to determine severity/frequency of urinary incontinence?

A

Voiding diary

23
Q

How does living in a nursing home affect prevalence?

A

Increases

24
Q

Is there a correlation b/t urinary and fecal incontinence?

A
25
Q

What is the definition of urinary incontinence? Orgins in young and elderly?

A

Involuntary loss of urine

26
Q

What are the four classifications of urinary incontinence?

A

Urge, stress, mixed, overflow

27
Q

Diagram stress urinary incontinence

A

Insufficient strength of the closure of the bladder

28
Q

What are some tests for urinary incontinence?

A

Bladder stress test/Cough stress test

Lab tests (UA, Urine culture)

PVR (NL <50, Abn >200)

29
Q

What are the three questionnaires for fecal incontinence?

A

FIQL, FISI, Wexner score

30
Q

What is the Birch procedure?

A

Midurethral sling connected to cooper’s ligament

31
Q

Using the criteria of 1 leak per year, what % of women leak?

A

up to 51%

32
Q

What are the three components of the anal sphincter complex?

A

Internal/external anal sphincter, puborectalis

33
Q

What are some of the characteristics of pharmacologic therapies for urinary incontinence: % w/ improvement, adherence, dosage in elderly, time for onset of effects?

A
34
Q

What are the pharmacologic methods to treat an overactive bladder?

A

Anticholinergics, B3 Adrenergics

35
Q

What this be?

A

Sphincteroplasty

36
Q

What is the B3 Adrenergic for urinary incontinence?

A

Mirabegron (Myrbetriq)

37
Q

What are some conservative measures in the management of urinary incontinence?

A

Weight loss, dietary changes, bladder training, pelvic muscle exercises and biofeedback

38
Q

What this be?

A

Secca procedure

39
Q

How does the prevalence of urinary continence change with age?

A

Increases

40
Q

What racial groups are at greater risk of urinary incontinence?

A

White and Mexican > African American

(Lecturer wasn’t too keen on this distinction, thinks that AAs may just not be reporting)

41
Q

What is the etiology behind each type of urinary incontinence?

A

Reproduction and Sexuality (58 decks)

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