2.5.1 Contraception Flashcards
When is the pregnancy test not indicated?
What are some of the specific uses for progestin only?
What are the things to know from this lecture?
What are some of the minor side effects of OC?
What does emergency contraception NOT do?
Does NOT prevent implantation of the fertilized egg
How are these various rates trending: pregnancy, birthrate, abortion?
Trending downward
What is the time window for emergency contraception?
Within 72 hrs. The sooner, the better though
What are the four types of intrauterine devices?
Copper T (non-hormonal)
Mirena, Liletta, Skyla (progesterone releasing)
What are the most common methods of contraception?
What are some of the benefits of OC?
What are some of the side effects of IUDs?
Increased bleeding, cramping (copper T), amenorrhea or spotting (LNG-IUD)
What % of girls 15-19 use public funding to pay for birth?
66%
What is a good option for contraception if the girl isn’t good about taking pills?
Transdermal hormone patch (wear for 3 weeks of cycle)
What are some of the contraindications for IUDs?
What contraceptive technique is admitted subcutaneously?
Etonogestrel implant (progesterone)
Name three emergency methods?
0.75 mg levonorgestrel
Ulipristal
Copper IUD
Currently what % pregnancies end in abortion? Likeliness of black woman to have abortion? likeliness on medicaid?
22%
black women 5X more likely
Medicaid 3X more likely
What is the MOA of oral contraceptives?
Inhibit mid-cycle gonadotropin (LH) surge
Prevent ovulation
What % of reproductive age women use contraception?
62%
Who is at greatest risk of getting pregnant?
< age of 20, black, never married
Name the four drugs that can interact with OCs (HIGHEST YIELD)
Rifampin, Anticonvulsants, Griseofulvin (antifungal), HIV medications
What are some of the risks/side effects of OC?
What are the reproductive years?
15-44 y/o
What is the MOA of etonogestrel implant?
Thicken cervical mucosa, prevent endometrial thickening, suppresses ovulation
What are some of the harmful side effects of medroxyprogesterone? How do they try to prevent these side effects?
Massive weight gain, affects bone density
Used for no more than 2 yrs
How are teen pregnancy rates trending?
Downward
Unprotected sex for 1 year during reproductive years yields what % chance of pregnancy?
85%
What are the two components of combination therapy?
Estrogen/progesterone pills
What does minipill not inhibit? What is its MOA?
Does not inhibit mid-cycle gonadotropin surge
MOA: affects cervical mucus viscosity, fallopian tube mobility, and endometrial thickness
What is usually used as a hormonal estrogen therapy?
Ethinyl estradiol (EE)
What is essure?
Tiny coils inserted into the fallopian tubes transvaginally, permanent contraception, outpatient procedure
What is emergency contraception?
Any combination of oral contraceptives that give 100 micrograms of EE
What are some important components of precontraceptive evaluation?
History, pregnancy test, chlamydia screen, PAP (only >21)
BP, weight, BMI
PARENT CONSENT IS NOT REQUIRED
What is the downside of “minipil” aka progestin only?
Pill must be taken everyday at the same time
What some of the contraindications for risk of CVD/stroke? Cancer?
Smokers >35, migraine with aura, thromboembolic disorders
cancer: breast and endometrial cancer
What is the benefit of the vaginal pouch?
Good protection for both partners, does not require an erect penis, can use oil based lubricants
What contraceptive is inserted into the vagina and stays there for 3 weeks and can be removed during intercourse?
Vaginal ring (Nuvaring)
What are some of the contraceptive techniques that decrease the # of cycles?
Seasonale/Jolessa/Quasense
Lybrel/Quartette
What are the contraindication of Oral contraceptives?
Smoker
Migrane with aura
Thromboembolic disorders
Breast cancer
endometrial cancer
What are the different types of progesterone in each generation? Which is most commonly used?
Most common: Levonorgestrel
What are some of the different barrier methods?
Condoms, diaphragm, cervical cap, vaginal pouch, sponge, spermicides
What is the idea behind natural family planning?
Identification of fertile days and abstinence at that time (monitoring presence and consistency of cervical mucus production is the basis for most effective method)
