2.5.1 Contraception

Question 1

When is the pregnancy test not indicated?

Answer 1

Question 2

What are some of the specific uses for progestin only?

Answer 2

Question 3

What are the things to know from this lecture?

Answer 3

Question 4

What are some of the minor side effects of OC?

Answer 4

Question 5

What does emergency contraception NOT do?

Answer 5

Does NOT prevent implantation of the fertilized egg

Question 6

How are these various rates trending: pregnancy, birthrate, abortion?

Answer 6

Trending downward

Question 7

What is the time window for emergency contraception?

Answer 7

Within 72 hrs. The sooner, the better though

Question 8

What are the four types of intrauterine devices?

Answer 8

Copper T (non-hormonal)

Mirena, Liletta, Skyla (progesterone releasing)

Question 9

What are the most common methods of contraception?

Answer 9

Question 10

What are some of the benefits of OC?

Answer 10

Question 11

What are some of the side effects of IUDs?

Answer 11

Increased bleeding, cramping (copper T), amenorrhea or spotting (LNG-IUD)

Question 12

What % of girls 15-19 use public funding to pay for birth?

Answer 12

66%

Question 13

What is a good option for contraception if the girl isn’t good about taking pills?

Answer 13

Transdermal hormone patch (wear for 3 weeks of cycle)

Question 14

What are some of the contraindications for IUDs?

Answer 14

Question 15

What contraceptive technique is admitted subcutaneously?

Answer 15

Etonogestrel implant (progesterone)

Question 17

Name three emergency methods?

Answer 17

0.75 mg levonorgestrel

Ulipristal

Copper IUD

Question 18

Currently what % pregnancies end in abortion? Likeliness of black woman to have abortion? likeliness on medicaid?

Answer 18

22%

black women 5X more likely

Medicaid 3X more likely

Question 19

What is the MOA of oral contraceptives?

Answer 19

Inhibit mid-cycle gonadotropin (LH) surge

Prevent ovulation

Question 20

What % of reproductive age women use contraception?

Answer 20

62%

Question 21

Who is at greatest risk of getting pregnant?

Answer 21

< age of 20, black, never married

Question 22

Name the four drugs that can interact with OCs (HIGHEST YIELD)

Answer 22

Rifampin, Anticonvulsants, Griseofulvin (antifungal), HIV medications

Question 23

What are some of the risks/side effects of OC?

Answer 23

Question 24

What are the reproductive years?

Answer 24

15-44 y/o

Question 25

What is the MOA of etonogestrel implant?

Answer 25

Thicken cervical mucosa, prevent endometrial thickening, suppresses ovulation

Question 26

What are some of the harmful side effects of medroxyprogesterone? How do they try to prevent these side effects?

Answer 26

Massive weight gain, affects bone density Used for no more than 2 yrs

Question 27

How are teen pregnancy rates trending?

Answer 27

Downward

Question 28

Unprotected sex for 1 year during reproductive years yields what % chance of pregnancy?

Answer 28

85%

Question 29

What are the two components of combination therapy?

Answer 29

Estrogen/progesterone pills

Question 30

What does minipill not inhibit? What is its MOA?

Answer 30

Does not inhibit mid-cycle gonadotropin surge MOA: affects cervical mucus viscosity, fallopian tube mobility, and endometrial thickness

Question 31

What is usually used as a hormonal estrogen therapy?

Answer 31

Ethinyl estradiol (EE)

Question 32

What is essure?

Answer 32

Tiny coils inserted into the fallopian tubes transvaginally, permanent contraception, outpatient procedure

Question 33

What is emergency contraception?

Answer 33

Any combination of oral contraceptives that give 100 micrograms of EE

Question 34

What are some important components of precontraceptive evaluation?

Answer 34

History, pregnancy test, chlamydia screen, PAP (only \>21) BP, weight, BMI PARENT CONSENT IS NOT REQUIRED

Question 35

What is the downside of "minipil" aka progestin only?

Answer 35

Pill must be taken everyday at the same time

Question 36

What some of the contraindications for risk of CVD/stroke? Cancer?

Answer 36

Smokers \>35, migraine with aura, thromboembolic disorders cancer: breast and endometrial cancer

Question 37

What is the benefit of the vaginal pouch?

Answer 37

Good protection for both partners, does not require an erect penis, can use oil based lubricants

Question 38

What contraceptive is inserted into the vagina and stays there for 3 weeks and can be removed during intercourse?

Answer 38

Vaginal ring (Nuvaring)

Question 39

What are some of the contraceptive techniques that decrease the # of cycles?

Answer 39

Seasonale/Jolessa/Quasense Lybrel/Quartette

Question 40

What are the contraindication of Oral contraceptives?

Answer 40

Smoker **Migrane with aura** Thromboembolic disorders Breast cancer endometrial cancer

Question 41

What are the different types of progesterone in each generation? Which is most commonly used?

Answer 41

Most common: Levonorgestrel

Question 42

What are some of the different barrier methods?

Answer 42

Condoms, diaphragm, cervical cap, vaginal pouch, sponge, spermicides

Question 43

What is the idea behind natural family planning?

Answer 43

Identification of fertile days and abstinence at that time **(monitoring presence and consistency of cervical mucus production is the basis for most effective method)**