4.1.1 Reproductive and Breast Malignancies Flashcards
What system is used to classify tumors?
TNM staging
What is treatment goals for metastatic prostate cancer?
Incurable - Survival measured in years
When would systemic therapy included in the treatment of breast cancer?
Metastatic dz
2nd most common cause of cancer morbidity and mortality in women in developing countries?
Cervical cancer
Why is cervical cancer less frequenct now?
PAP smears
How do you treat patients with seminoma?
Surgery followed by adjuvant chemotherapy or radiation
What are the signs of ovarian cancer?
POST MENOPAUSAL PALPABLE OVARY
Where can chemotherapy be given for ovarian therapy?
Platinum compounds - Intraperitoneal chemotherapy because spread is common there
What is the therpeutic effort for germ cell tumors?
Therapeutic effort is cure even in metastatic disease
What is the goal for a seminoma?
CURE
Treatment with radiation therapy
Patients with nonseminomatous germ cell tumor of the testes receive what?
Adjuvant chemotherapy (CISPLATIN)
What is the initial therapy for germ cell tumor of the testes?
Inguinal orchiectomy
What are some of the different therapies for breast cancer?
Lumpectomy, adriamycin and cytoxan times four, taxotere with herceptin, XRT, aromatase inhibitor, bisphosphonate
Why would a patient with Prostate cancer get an orchiectomy?
Decreases the testerone - keeps prostate size down
What is Sipuleucel T?
First line immunotherapy approved for prostate cancer
What are the serum markers for non-seminomatous tumor?
Beta hCG - produced from syncytiotrophoblast
AFP - Produced in the liver, yolk sac and GI tract
What emprises the performance status?
What are the risk factors of cervical cancers?
STIs
History of vulvar or vaginal squamous
HPV
Smoking
Immunocompromised states
How has the incidence of cervical cancer changed over the past 50 years in developed countries?
75% decrease
Response rate?
CR + PR / Total diagnosed
What is the primary management of ovarian cancer?
SURGERY
What is circumscribed in red?
Liver metastases
What is the chemotherapy for cervical cancer?
Cisplatinum
(Avastin is a newer option)
What is the primary treatment of breast cancer?
Lumpectomy or Mastectomy (ALND or SLN)
What are indicators of good prognosis?
Well differentiated, ER and PR positive
Who should be on the team of a breast cancer patient?
Surgeon, oncologist, and radiation therapist
What is one of the treatments of prostate cancer?
androgen deprivation
What is the number one side effect of aromatase inhibitors?
Osteoporosis
What is the most common cause of gynecological cancer death?
Cervical cancer
Globally, what is the most common type of cancer and cause of cancer death?
Breast Cancer
Where is a common place for prostate cancer to spread?
To the lower vertebrae
What are the different reproductive malignancies?
Breast, cervical, ovarian, testes, and prostate
What is overall survival?
Survival from date of diagnosis until death
For metastatic cervical dz, what is treatment?
Palliative
What is partial remission?
30% reduction, has changed over years
