3.2.4 Dysfunctional Families exp. (Sch) Flashcards
what theory did Bateson come up with?
double bind theory
(double bind) symptoms of schizophrenia are due to difficulties in what?
communication
(double bind) these communication difficulties are found particularly where?
in the family
particularly the parent child relationship
(double bind) what was Bateson’s example of double bind communication with a mother and her schizophrenic son?
visited him in hospital happy to see her he hugged her she stiffened (non verbal) he let go she said "don't you love me anymore?" (verbal)
(double bind) what is communication split into?
verbal (35%) Non verbal (65%) e.g. facial expressions, body language
(double bind) what can parents do with the different types of communication?
give conflicting messages
(double bind) no matter what the child does they what?
lose
(double bind) Bateson - crazy communication leads to what in the child?
crazy thought processes and behaviour
(double bind) the child also finds it hard to metacommunicate what does this mean?
tell the parents their messages are conflicting
(double bind) with long term double bind communication the child learns to perceive the world in terms of what?
contradictory input
(double bind) eventually the communication leads to a manifestation of symptoms such as what and why?
hallucinations, confusion, difficulty communicating, withdrawal, delusions
as a way of escaping the contradictions
(expressed emotion) what can expressed emotion be used to explain?
relapse
(expressed emotion) in the 1950s chlorpromazine was used for treatment, after patients were stabilised and released what often happened?
readmission due to relapse
(expressed emotion) Brown investigated who?
156 discharged men
(expressed emotion) Brown found relapse was connected to what?
the type of home men were discharged to
(expressed emotion) Brown - men discharged to live with their parents/wives showed higher what?
rates of relapse
(expressed emotion) Brown conducted interviews with who?
wives and parents of men with schizophrenia
(expressed emotion) Brown assessed expressed emotion by recording the interview and rating the number of what?
critical comments
statements of resentment
or statements of emotional over involvement
(expressed emotion) Brown found a positive correlation between what?
amount of expressed emotion and likelihood of relapse
(expressed emotion) what were the 5 characteristics Brown identified?
critical comments hostility emotional over involvement warmth positive regard
(expressed emotion) what did Brown find regarding critical comments in high and low EE homes?
high - critical comments about individuals behaviour e.g. “they’re so lazy”
low - recognised the behaviours were due to illness
(expressed emotion) what did Brown find regarding hostility and high EE homes?
high levels of hostility possibly due to anger, irritation or resentment at patient
(expressed emotion) what did Brown find with high EE homes and emotional over involvement?
high levels of happiness and sadness
high levels of self sacrifice and over protectiveness
particularly with parents who felt guilty about their child’s illness
(expressed emotion) what did Brown find with regard to warmth?
smiling and empathy when talking about schizophrenic individual were more evident in low EE caregivers
(expressed emotion) what did Brown find with regard to positive regard?
reinforcing statements where the caregiver showed support and appreciation of the individual with schizophrenia lacking in low EE homes
