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A-Level Psychology - Eduqas > 1.5.5 The relevance of positive psychology > Flashcards

1.5.5 The relevance of positive psychology Flashcards

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1
Q

Points that show positive psychology is relevant in todays society

A
  • Education
  • Military
  • Leisure and lifestyle
  • Health
  • Work
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2
Q

What was the goal of positive psychology

A

To create a field focused on human well-being and the strengths and virues that allow people to thrive

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3
Q

What is the issue with the other approaches that postive approach fixes

A

They disproportionatly focus on treating mental illness rather than promoting mental health

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4
Q

What topics does positive psychology focus on

A
  • Well being
  • Pride
  • Forgivness
  • Happiness
  • Mindfullness
  • Psychological strength
  • And how all these are related to mental and physical health
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5
Q

What highlights positive psychologys relevance in society

A

Its practical applications

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6
Q

What did 3 things did Seligman state Positive psychology ciriculum can do?

A
  1. Promote skils and strengths that are valued by most, including parents
  2. Produce measurable improvements in students wellbeing and behaviour
  3. Facilitate students engagment in learning and achievment
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7
Q

How did Seligman come to this conclusion

A

In 2009 he randomly assigned 347 ninth grade students to a PPC or non PPC class

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8
Q

What results did Seligmann get from his study

A

PPC students were more cooperative and had better social skills compared to the non-PPC students

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9
Q

What research provides support for Seligmanns claims

A

Penn Resiliency Programme (PRP)

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10
Q

What is the PRP’s goal

A

Increase students ability to handle day-to-day problems that are common during adolescence

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11
Q

What does PRP do to achieve this goal

A
  • Promotes optimism by teaching students to think more realistically about the problems they encounter
  • Teaches assertivness, decision making, relaxation, and other coping skills
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12
Q

How can PRP be argued as relevant

A

With depression being approximately 10 times more common now than it was fifty years ago among young people, it can be argued that embedding psotive psychology principles into education through programmes such as PRP is relevant

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13
Q

What did Gilham et al find about the effectivness of PRP

A

24 months after the intervention of PRP only 22% of the PRP group showed symptoms of depression where as 44% showed symptoms of depression in the control group

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14
Q

What is the CSF

A

Comprehensive soldier fitness programme

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15
Q

Why was the CSF established

A

In an effort to address the challenges being faced due to multiple deployments required by persistant conflicts in Iraq and Afganistan

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16
Q

What are the aims of CSF

A

Instead of focusing only on treatment after issues arise, CSF aims to provide preventive measures to the soldiers and their families to make them stronger and more able to cope with the demmands of deployment

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17
Q

How can CSF be seen as relevant in todays society

A

With conflicts becoming more common and ongoing, using positive psychology in the military is relevant in todays society as it can improve the quality of life for soldiers and their families

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18
Q

What has Mihaly’s research shown about work

A

Work can be the major source of our happiness

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19
Q

What does Mihaly’s flow theory suggest

A
  • That our experiences will be most positive when both challenges and skills are high
  • The person will not only be enjoying the moment but also stretching their capabilities with the liklihood of learning new skills and increasing self-esteem
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20
Q

What did LeFevre find about Flow

A

Found that most people experience flow situations more than 3 times as much at work than during leisure

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21
Q

What do LeFevre and Mihaly’s findings suggest

A

Our working environments generally offer more oportunity for positive experiences, which is contrary to what many people claim

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22
Q

What did Mihaly and LeFevre say about workers

A

If they admitted to themselves that work can be as or more enjoyable than most of their leisure time, they might work more effectively and in the process improve the quality of their own lives

23
Q

In terms of Leisure and Lifestyle what is Mihaly and LeFevre suggest to people

A

People should increase their experience of flow and the quality of their lives by being more concious of and more active in their leisure time

24
Q

What is evidence of a project that uses positive psychology

A

Action For Happiness (AFH)

25
Q

What do AFH claim they are

A

A movement for positive social change

26
Q

What does their site offer

A
  • Support for those struggling with problems and depression
  • For example “10 keys to happier living”
27
Q

How do these findings mean positive psychology is relevant in todays society

A

It can be applied in various projects to increase peoples happiness and positivity

28
Q

In terms of Health what did Kubzansky and Thurstons research involve

A

Following more than 6000 men and women aged 25 to 74 for 20 years

29
Q

What did Kubzansky and Thurston find

A

PPs with high levels of ‘emotional vitality’ had a reduced risk of coronary heart disease

30
Q

What is emotional vitality

A

A sense of enthusiasm, hopefullness, engagement in life, ability to face lifes stress’ with emotional balance

31
Q

How do these findings mean positive psychology is relevant in todays society

A

It can improve physical health as well as mental health

32
Q

What is a concluding argument that positive psychology is relevant in todays society

A
  • Positive psychology has re-focused psychology on research and advice that will help people improve their lives and the society in which they live rather than being concerned with the negatives such as aggressive behaviour and addiction
  • Such focus has led to some interesting lines of research and new programmes in school, work and leisure
33
Q

Points that show positive psychology is not relevant in todays society

A
  • Education
  • Military
  • Work
  • Leisure and Lifestyle
  • Health
34
Q

What do critics of positive psychology say

A
  • The research findings are not strong enough to move so swiftly toward applications
  • Postive psychology has produced exageratted conclusions about the power of the positive, including the perception that people can reduce illness with more optimism
35
Q

What is an issue with positive psychology in education that shows it to not be relevant

A

Lack of empirical evidence to support the success of PPC

36
Q

What did Seligman admit about positive psychology in schools

A

Further research needs to be done to ensure that such educational programms are effective with students from a variety of socio-economic and cultural backgrounds

37
Q

What is an issue with adding positive psychology to the ciriculum

A
  • Will likely mean anither subject has to be dropped.
  • Limited budgets mean that most schools would be unable to add positive psychology without sbtracting something else
38
Q

What did the financial times suggest would happen if positive psychology was implemented into schools

A

students would leave school with less academic achievments

39
Q

What did Spence and Shortt 2007 argue about the research into positive psychology in schools

A

The research that does exist tends to be based on small-scale or short-term interventions

40
Q

What did Spence and Shortt conclude

A

The widespread implementation of positive psychology in schools should not be done without further more long term research

41
Q

What is an issue with positive psychologys view on work that ‘if you choose a job you love u will never have to work a day in your life’

A
  • It is not a new idea
  • Therefor we question whether positive psychology in workplace had really offered us anything more than empirical support for something which much of society already know
42
Q

Work may make you happy but the aspect of having more money doesnt - explain

A

Diener et al found a modest correlation of +.12 between income and happiness

43
Q

How does this vary between societies

A
  • In societies where people are poor, money is more important and work may be important for money rather than happiness
  • The developed world may have the luxury of seeking happiness through work, a luxury not available elsewhere
44
Q

In the Military how has the CSF programme been criticised

A

Due to lack of scientific evidence to support its effectivness

45
Q

How has the development of the CSF also been criticised

A

Since the PRP that it was based upon was originally designed for adolescents and little has been done to adapt the programme to meet the needs of a millitary population

46
Q

How can this be used to argue that psotive psychology is not relevant in todays society

A

The lack of adaptation leads the critics to beleive it is not relevant

47
Q

What is an issue with leisure activities that increase flow

A

They are likely to be prohibited to many, either because of a lack of dedicated leisure time or because of the financial costs that they incur

48
Q

What is an issue with movements like AFH

A

Difficult to asses the impact they have on society

49
Q

What would need to be done to asses their effectivness

A
  • In order to conduct onjective research the variables would have to be controlled
  • For example it might be that wealtheir people are attracted to this movement and therefor beneficial outcomes might be due to their wealth rather than the programme itself
50
Q

What is an issue with psotive psychology in health

A
  • It is difficult to prove a cause and effect relationship between happiness and health
  • People may just be happy because they are healthy not healthy becuase they are happy
51
Q

Why isnt positive psychology taken seriously in healthcare

A

It has difficulty in conducting research that draws clear cause and effect conclusions

52
Q

What is a concluding argument that positive psychology is not relevant in todays society

A
  • Programmes in work, leisure and schools may only be a small part of a persons life or only available to a small number of people, therefor have little impact
  • Positive approach may only be relevant to Western Developed world
  • The positve approach is relatively new and it may take time before its impact is felt. The debate that needs to be answered first is ‘how can positive psychology be made more relevant in todays society’
53
Q
A

A-Level Psychology - Eduqas (161 decks)

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