3.1.3 Evaluation of personality & addiction

Question 1

(support) Gossop & Eysenck the drug addicts compared to controls of non addicts, had high what?

Answer 1

psychotic and neurotic scores

Question 2

(support) what does Gossop and Eysenck’s research appear to support?

Answer 2

link between personality and addiction

Question 3

(support) Gossop & Eysenck how many addicts did they research?

Answer 3

over 200 drug addicts

Question 4

(support) what did the Gossop & Eysenck research use?

Answer 4

the Eysenck personality questionnaire

Question 5

(against) what is an issue of using a questionnaire in the Gossop and Eysenck research?

Answer 5

self report method
social desirability bias
giving answers to excuse their behaviours

Question 6

(against) what is an issue of the researcher in the Gossop & Eysenck research?

Answer 6

researcher bias

eysencks research and study

Question 7

(against) what is Eysenck assuming?

what is he ignoring?

Answer 7

personality causes a person to become addicted

other way around - drugs could affect frontal and prefrontal cortex affecting decision making

Question 8

what is a prospective study?

Answer 8

one looking for outcomes e.g. the development of an addiction during the study period

Question 9

(support) what does the prospective study done by Dong et al provide further support for?

Answer 9

idea of an addictive personality causing addictive behaviour

Question 10

(support) who was Dong et al’s research participants?

Answer 10

Chinese university students

Question 11

(support) what did Dong et al’s research involve the Chinese students doing just after entering uni?

Answer 11

completing an EPQ just after entering uni

Question 12

(support - Dong et al) two years later what was assessed?

Answer 12

the students internet addiction

Question 13

(support - Dong et al) what did the researchers find?

Answer 13

higher P and N scores linked to addiction

Question 14

(Support) what does Dong et al’s prospective design suggest about personality?

Answer 14

it is a cause rather than effect of addiction

Question 15

(support) impulsive rats have been found to increase what?

Answer 15

cocaine intake more than low impulsivity rats

Question 16

(support) how does the rat research link to Eysenck?

Answer 16

impulsivity linked to psychoticism

Question 17

(against) what is a criticism of the rat research?

Answer 17

animal research

not generalizable to humans

Question 18

(against) in the rat research it was specific to what?

Answer 18

cocaine intake, not heroin

Question 19

(against) in humans research looking at individuals tendency to become addicted has not found what, suggesting what?

Answer 19

common pattern

suggesting the relationship is more complex than thought

Question 20

(against) many personality traits aren’t unique to what? Give an example.

Answer 20

addiction

Eysenck found high P and N scores in criminals

Question 21

(against) self esteem is ranked in what position in risk factors for substance abuse?

Answer 21

10th

Question 22

(against) what other risk factors are ranked higher than self esteem?

Answer 22

peers drug use
deviance
poor parental relationship
poor academic achivement

Question 23

(against) what does Kerr argue the idea of an addictive personality is?

Answer 23

one of the myths of addiction

Question 24

(against) Kerr says there are multiple traits linked to addiction typical of what?

Answer 24

most individuals to some degree

Question 25

(conclusion) particular traits or characteristics may what?

Answer 25

predispose you to becoming addicted

Question 26

(conclusion) traits don't guarantee you will become addicted why?

Answer 26

traits are shared with non addicts