19 - 104 - PEDIATRIC AND ADOLESCENT DERMATOLOGY Flashcards
Which of the following is correct regarding the maximum dose of EMLA cream or plain lidocaine in pediatric patients?
A. 7-12 years old, 20g
B. 3-12 months, 1g
C. 1-3 months, 0.5g
D. 1-6 years, 10g
D
1-3 months = 1g ; 3-12 months = 2g ; 1-6 years = 10g ; 6-12 years = 12 g
FDA approved OCPs for female adolescents with acne
A. Yaz
B. Ortho tricylclen
C. Yazmin
D. All of the above
D
Telogen hair in infants shed by what age?
A. at birth
B. 1-2 months
C. 3-4 months
D. 5-6 months
C
T/F: Infantile perineal protrusion is a benign condition exclusive to prepubertal males.
A. True
B. False
B
What are the 2 FDA approved medications for tinea capitis in children
A. Terbinafine oral granules
B. Ketoconazole shampoo
C. Griseofulvin
D. Miconazole
E. A and B
A and C
form of nonscarring hair loss noted at** 2 to 5 years** of age as a triangular-shaped, oval-shaped, or** lancet-shaped area **of alopecia at the frontotemporal scalp
TRIANGULAR TEMPORAL ALOPECIA
- Often, a thin row of hair separates the affected area from the forehead.
- The terminal hairs are replaced by vellus hair.
- The condition is often mistaken for alopecia areata; however, distinguishing features include the typical location and shape, the presence of vellus hairs, and the absence of exclamation point hairs or histologic findings of alopecia areata.
most common dermatophyte in tinea capitis
Trichophyton tonsurans
treatment of choice of tinea capitis in children
griseofulvin
- benign condition that occurs almost exclusively in female prepubertal girls
- appears as a pyramidal, soft-tissue, “tongue-like,” smooth, or velvety pink protrusion
- It is usually located in the midline just anterior to the anus
- usually asymptomatic, but painful defecation has been reported
- occurs in 3 settings: constitutional, functional (after constipation, diarrhea, or other irritant exposure), or associated with lichen sclerosus et atrophicus.
Also known as infantile pyramidal protrusion, infantile perineal protrusion
- Conservative management is indicated.
- Spontaneous resolution, as well as resolution following a high-fiber diet to relieve constipation, has been noted.
idiopathic form of retention keratosis in diaper-wearing infants
Infantile Granular Parakeratosis
- There are two clinical patterns: bilateral linear plaques in the inguinal folds and erythematous geometric plaques underlying pressure points from the diaper
- A thick, flake-like scale is present in both forms and is characteristic
- spontaneous clearance after months to 1 year appears to be the rule
aggravating factors of perioral dermatitis
topical, intranasal and inhaled corticosteroids
management of perioral dermatitis
- responds well to discontinuing the corticosteroid exposure,
- use of topical metronidazole cream
* Oral erythromycin is helpful in severe cases
EMLA maximum dosage per age
- 1 g: 1- to 3-month-old
- 2 g: 3- to 12-monthold,
- 10 g: 1- to 6-year-old
- 20 g: 7- to 12-year-old child
Children taking immunosuppressive doses of systemic glucocorticoids should not be vaccinated with live-virus vaccines (eg, measles, oral polio, varicella)
What dose of steroids is sufficient to warrant withholding immunization with live-virus vaccines?
- A dosage equivalent of 2 mg/kg/day or greater of prednisone or
- a total of 20 mg/day or greater for children weighing more than 10 kg, when given for more than 14 days
Use of tetracycline family medications is contraindicated in children younger than?
8 years of age because it causes brown discoloration of developing teeth and decreased bone growth
Ciprofloxacin and quinolone use in children younger than how many years old is restricted?
Ciprofloxacin and quinolone use in children younger than 18 years of age is restricted because the fluoroquinolones have been shown to cause cartilage damage in juvenile animal models at therapeutic doses
approved for the treatment of tinea capitis in children 4 years of age and older
terbinafine oral granules (sprinkled on nonacidic food)
first-line therapy for tinea capitis.
Griseofulvin doses of 20 mg/kg/day of the (125 mg/ 5 mL) liquid and 15 mg/kg/day of the ultramicrosized tablets for 6 to 8 weeks
he only FDA-approved agents for tinea capitis in children
griseofulvin and terbinafine
Approximately 70% of documented child maltreatment deaths occur in children younger than what age?
3 years
