23 - 151 - CELLULITIS AND ERYSIPELAS

Question 1

sharply demarcated, bright red, edematous plaques resulting from superficial lymphatic infiltration

Answer 1

ERYSIPELAS

Question 2

common infection of the deep dermis and subcutaneous tissue, most often caused by bacteria, that presents with the classic signs of inflammation

Answer 2

Cellulitis

Question 3

presence of pustules or abscess development, which may precede or follow cellulitis

Answer 3

Purulent cellulitis

Question 4

Question 5

Most common causes of cellulitis and erysipelas

Answer 5

GAS and S. Aureus

Question 6

Most common causes of cellulitis from animal and human bites

Answer 6

Pasteurella spp.
Streptococci
Staphylococci

Question 7

Most common causes of cellulitis from aquatic trauma

Answer 7

• aeromonas spp.
• Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
• Mycobacterium marinum and other atypical mycobacteria;
• Vibrio vulnificus

Question 8

Systemic and Local Risk Factors for Primary and Recurrent Cellulitis

Answer 8

Question 9

Highest risk factor for cellulitis

Answer 9

Lymphedema (> 70-fold), followed by disruption skin barrier (24-fold)

Question 10

ALT-70 Risk Prediction for Cellulitis

Answer 10

Question 11

A skin surface temperature gradient greater than ________ between a patient’s involved and uninvolved skin, as determined by thermal imaging, has also shown promise, with a sensitivity of 96.6% for the diagnosis of cellulitis

Answer 11

0.47°C (0.85°F)

Question 12

most common cause of pseudocellulitis

Answer 12

Stasis dermatitis

Question 13

Question 14

systemic inflammatory response syndrome criteria

Answer 14

• (temperature >38°C [100.4°F] or <36°C [96.8°F];
  -pulse >90 beats/min;
• respiratory rate >20 breaths/min; or
• leukocyte count >12,000 cells/µL or <4000 cells/µL)

Question 15

first-line agents of choice in MSSA

Answer 15

Cephalexin and dicloxacillin

Question 16

First-line agents for MRSA

Answer 16

clindamycin, tetracyclines, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole

Question 17

If penicillin or cephalosporin allergy exists, what can we give?

Answer 17

Clindamycin

Question 18

in penicillin-allergic or cephalosporin allergic patients with MSSA, what are the options for systemic infection?

Answer 18

Oxacillin, nafcillin, and cefazolin,

Question 19

in penicillin-allergic or cephalosporin allergic patients with MRSA, what are the options for systemic infection?

Answer 19

Vancomycin, clindamycin, or linezolid

Question 20

Indications for Parenteral Administration of Antibiotics

Answer 20