Work 8

Question 1

聚集

Answer 1

聚集
jùjí
gather; assemble; collect

机场上聚集着数千人, 为代表团送行。
Jīchǎng shàng jùjí zhe shù qiān rén, wèi dàibiǎotuán sòngxíng.
Thousands of people gathered at the airport to see the delegation off.

Question 2

组建

Answer 2

组建〔組-〕
zǔjiàn
put together (a group); form

组建剧团
zǔjiàn jùtuán
put a theatre group together

Question 3

不乏

Answer 3

不乏
bùfá
FORMALthere is no lack of

Question 4

颇具

Answer 4

颇具〔頗-〕
pōjù
1 rather
2 quite
3 to have much

Question 5

演奏

Answer 5

演奏
yǎnzòu
give an instrumental performance; play a musical instrument (in a performance)

演奏琵琶
yǎnzòu pípa
play the pipa

演奏能手
yǎnzòu néngshǒu
virtuoso

Question 6

创作

Answer 6

创作〔創-〕
chuàngzuò
1 create; produce; write

创作反映现实生活的美术作品
chuàngzuò fǎnyìng xiànshí shēnghuó de měishù zuòpǐn
produce works of art that reflect real life

创作技巧
chuàngzuò jìqiǎo
artistic technique; craftsmanship

创作经验
chuàngzuò jīngyàn
creative experience

创作思想
chuàngzuò sīxiǎng
ideas guiding artistic or literary creation
2 creative work; creation

文艺创作
wényì chuàngzuò
literary and artistic creation

划时代的创作
huàshídài de chuàngzuò
epoch-making creative work

Question 7

却

Answer 7

却〔卻〕
què

1 step back ▶ 退却 tuìquè
2 drive back; repulse ▶ 却敌 quèdí
3 decline; refuse ▶ 推却 tuīquè
4 (used after a verb to indicate completion of an action) ▶ 冷却 lěngquè

ADVERBbut; yet

她有许多话要说, 一时却什么也说不出来。
Tā yǒu xǔduō huà yào shuō, yīshí què shénme yě shuō bù chūlai.
She had a lot to say, but at the time she was unable to utter a word.

文章虽短却很有力。
Wénzhāng suī duǎn què hěn yǒu lì.
The essay is short but forceful.

这样推理很周全, 却说服不了我。
Zhèyàng tuīlǐ hěn zhōuquán, què shuōfú bùliǎo wǒ.
The logic is sound, and yet it does not convince me.

Question 8

嫌少

Answer 8

鲜少〔鮮-〕
xiǎnshǎo
1 very few
2 rarely

Question 9

非音

Answer 9

非音
fēiyīn
(ling) unstressed (syllable)

Question 10

质疑

Answer 10

质疑〔質-〕
zhìyí
call in question; query

对他的说法提出质疑
duì tā de shuōfa tíchū zhìyí
query (or question) the validity of his statement

Question 11

摇滚

Answer 11

摇滚〔搖滾〕
yáogǔn
rock and roll

Question 12

圈

Answer 12

圈
quān
1 circle; ring

画个圈儿
huà ge quānr
draw a circle

绕跑道跑两圈
rào pǎodào pǎo liǎng quān
run around the track twice

这是他一千五百米赛跑的最后一圈。
Zhè shì tā yīqiān wǔbǎi mǐ sàipǎo de zuìhòu yī quān.
This is his last lap in the 1,500-metre race.

我到外面转了一圈。
Wǒ dào wàimian zhuǎn le yī quān.
I’ve been out for a walk.

孩子们围成一圈。
Háizi men wéi chéng yī quān.
The children gathered around in a circle.

我们的飞机降落前在机场上空绕圈儿。
Wǒmen de fēijī jiàngluò qián zài jīchǎng shàngkōng rào quānr.
Our plane circled the airport before landing.
2 circle; group

他不是圈里人。
Tā bù shì quān lǐ rén.
He doesn’t belong to the inner circle. or He’s not on the inside.
3 enclose; encircle

用篱笆把菜园圈起来
Yòng líba bǎ càiyuán quān qǐlai
enclose the vegetable garden with a fence
4 mark with a circle

把那个错字圈了。
Bǎ nàge cuòzì quān le.
Mark the wrong word with a circle.
See juān juàn

Question 13

稳定

Answer 13

稳定〔穩-〕
wěndìng
1 stable; steady

物价稳定。
Wùjià wěndìng.
Prices remain stable.

情绪稳定
Qíngxù wěndìng
be in a calm, unruffled mood

稳定的多数
wěndìng de duōshù
a stable majority

不稳定的国际金融市场
bù wěndìng de guójì jīnróng shìchǎng
a shaky international monetary market

保持该地区的稳定和繁荣
bǎochí gāi dìqū de wěndìng hé fánróng
maintain the stability and prosperity of the area
2 stabilize; steady

稳定物价
wěndìng wùjià
stabilize commodity prices

稳定情绪
Wěndìng qíngxù
set sb.’s mind at rest; reassure sb.

Question 14

熟识

Answer 14

熟识〔-識〕
shúshi
be well acquainted with; know well

我们交往不多, 不太熟识。
Wǒmen jiāowǎng bù duō, bù tài shúshi.
We haven’t met often and don’t know each other very well.

熟识敌我双方各方面的情况
Shúshi díwǒ shuāngfāng gè fāngmiàn de qíngkuàng
familiarize ourselves with all aspects of the enemy’s situation and our own

Question 15

生存

Answer 15

生存
shēngcún
subsist; exist; live

鱼离开了水是不能生存的。
Yú líkāi le shuǐ shì bù néng shēngcún de.
Fish cannot live without water.

Question 16

当作

Answer 16

当作〔當-〕
dàngzuò
1 to treat as
2 to regard as

Question 17

经营

Answer 17

经营〔經營〕
jīngyíng
manage; operate; run; engage in

统一(分散)经营
tǒngyī(fēnsàn)jīngyíng
unified (decentralized) management

经营少量家庭副业
jīngyíng shǎoliàng jiātíng fùyè
engage in limited household side-line production

发展多种经营
fāzhǎn duōzhǒng jīngyíng
promote a diversified economy

经营范围
jīngyíng fànwéi
the scope of operation

经营方式
jīngyíng fāngshì
the form of operation

改善经营管理
gǎishàn jīngyíng guǎnlǐ
improve management and administration

经营管理良好
jīngyíng guǎnlǐ liánghǎo
soundly managed

经营管理落后
jīngyíng guǎnlǐ luòhòu
backward operation and management

Question 18

到底

Answer 18

到底
dàodǐ
to the end; to the finish

打到底
Dǎ dào dǐ
fight to the finish

将革命进行到底。
Jiāng gémìng jìnxíng dàodǐ.
Carry the revolution through to the end.

ADVERB
1 at last; in the end; finally

新方法到底试验成功了。
Xīn fāngfǎ dàodǐ shìyàn chénggōng le.
The new method has finally proved to be a success.
2 (used in a question for emphasis)

你到底是什么意思？
Nǐ dàodǐ shì shénme yìsi？
What on earth do you mean?

你那样干到底是为什么？
Nǐ nàyàng gàn dàodǐ shì wèishénme？
What in the world did you do that for?
3 after all; in the final analysis

他到底是新手, 干活还不熟练。
Tā dàodǐ shì xīnshǒu, gànhuó hái bù shúliàn.
After all, he’s new to the work and isn’t very skilful at it yet.

Question 19

临

Answer 19

临〔臨〕
lín
1 face; overlook

临街的窗子
línjiē de chuāngzi
a window overlooking the street

这所房子临河。
Zhè suǒ fángzi línhé.
This house looks out on a river.

东临大海
Dōng lín dàhǎi
border on the sea in the east
2 arrive; be present ▶ 亲临 qīnlín
3 
PREPOSITIONon the point of; just before; be about to

临睡
línshuì
just before going to bed; at bedtime

这本书是我临离开北京时买的。
Zhè běn shū shì wǒ lín líkāi Běijīng shí mǎi de.
I bought this book just before I left Beijing.
4 copy (a model of calligraphy or painting)

临画
lín huà
copy a painting

临帖
líntiè
practise calligraphy after a model

Question 20

困境

Answer 20

困境
kùnjìng
difficult position; predicament; straits

处于困境
chǔyú kùnjìng
be in a difficult position

陷于困境
xiànyú kùnjìng
fall into dire straits; find oneself in a tight corner; land oneself in a fix

摆脱困境
bǎituō kùnjìng
extricate oneself from a difficult position

Question 21

本期

Answer 21

本期
běnqī
1 the current period
2 this term (usually in finance)

Question 22

将

Answer 22

将〔將〕
jiāng
1
FORMALsupport; take; bring

将幼弟而归
jiāng yòu dì ér guī
bring home one’s little brother

相将而去
xiāng jiāng ér qù
go off supporting each other
2 take care of (one's health) ▶ 将养 jiāngyǎng
3 do sth.; handle (a matter)

慎重将事
shènzhòng jiāng shì
handle a matter with care
4 Chinese chess check

将!
Jiāng!
Check!

他连将我三次。
Tā lián jiāng wǒ sān cì.
He checked me three times in a row.
5 put sb. on the spot

我们这一问可把他将住了。
Wǒmen zhè yī wèn kě bǎ tā jiāng zhù le.
Our question certainly put him on the spot.
6 incite sb. to action; challenge; prod

他已拿定主意不参加比赛了,你再将他也没用。
Tā yǐ ná dìng zhǔyi bù cānjiā bǐsài le, nǐ zài jiāng tā yě méiyòng.
It’s no use egging him on; he’s made up his mind not to join in the tournament.
7
PREPOSITIONwith; by means of; by

将开水沏茶
Jiāng kāishuǐ qīchá
make tea with boiling water
8 
PREPOSITION(used in the same way as 把²)

将他请来
jiāng tā qǐng lái
invite him to come over

将革命进行到底。
Jiāng gémìng jìnxíng dàodǐ.
Carry the revolution through to the end.
9 
ADVERBbe going to; be about to; will; shall

船将启碇。
Chuán jiāng qǐ dìng.
The ship is about to weigh anchor.

我们将制定一个长远规划。
Wǒmen jiāng zhìdìng yī ge chángyuǎn guīhuà.
We are going to draw up a long-range plan.

天将黄昏。
Tiān jiāng huánghūn.
It's almost dusk.
10 
ADVERBcertainly; no doubt

如不刻苦钻研,则将一事无成。
Rú bù kèkǔ zuānyán, zé jiāng yīshìwúchéng.
You will certainly achieve nothing unless you study assiduously.
11
PARTICLE DIALECT(used between a verb and its complement of direction)

唱将起来
Chàng jiāng qǐlai
start to sing

传将出去
chuán jiāng chūqu
(of news, etc.) spread abroad

赶将上去
gǎn jiāng shàng qù
hurry to catch up

打将起来
dǎ jiāng qǐlai
start to fight
See jiàng

Question 23

深入

Answer 23

深入
shēnrù
1 go deep into; penetrate into

深入实际
shēnrù shíjì
go deep into the realities of life

深入敌后
shēnrù díhòu
penetrate far behind enemy lines

深入基层
shēnrù jīcéng
go down to the grass-roots units

深入群众
shēnrù qúnzhòng
immerse oneself (or go deep) among the masses; go into the midst of the common people

深入农业生产第一线
shēnrù nóngyè shēngchǎn dì-yī xiàn
go right to the front line of agricultural production

深入生活
shēnrù shēnghuó
plunge into the thick of life

深入事物本质
shēnrù shìwù běnzhì
probe deeply into the essence of things

诱敌深入
yòudíshēnrù
lure the enemy in deep
2 thorough; deepgoing

做深入细致的思想工作
zuò shēnrù xìzhì de sīxiǎng gōngzuò
conduct thoroughgoing and painstaking ideological work

深入进行调查研究
shēnrù jìnxíng diàochá yánjiū
make a thorough investigation and study

运动正在深入发展。
Yùndòng zhèngzài shēnrù fāzhǎn.
The movement is developing in depth.

Question 24

文艺

Answer 24

文艺〔-藝〕
wényì
literature and art

文艺创作
wényì chuàngzuò
literary and artistic creation

文艺队伍
wényì duìwu
ranks of writers and artists

文艺工作
wényì gōngzuò
work in the literary and artistic fields

文艺工作者
wényì gōngzuò zhě
literary and art workers; writers and artists

文艺理论
wényì lǐlùn
theory of literature and art

文艺路线
wényì lùxiàn
line in literature and art

文艺思潮
wényì sīcháo
trend of thought in literature and art

文艺团体
wényì tuántǐ
literature and art organization; theatre company; theatre troupe

文艺作品
wényì zuòpǐn
literary and artistic works

文艺座谈会
wényì zuòtánhuì
forum on literature and art