Prac 31 Flashcards
河
hé
1 river
2 the Milky Way system
3 (Hé) the Huanghe River; the Yellow River
母亲
〔-親〕
mǔqin
mother
知识
〔-識〕
zhīshi
knowledge; intellect
知识渊博
zhīshi yuānbó
have a wide range of knowledge; be erudite; be learned
技术知识
jìshù zhīshi
technical know-how
书本知识
shūběn zhīshi
book learning
获得生产斗争知识
huòdé shēngchǎn dòuzhēng zhīshi
acquire a knowledge of the struggle for production
跟这种没有知识的人议论严肃音乐本来就没有意思。
Gēn zhèzhǒng méiyǒu zhīshi de rén yìlùn yánsù yīnyuè běnlái jiù méiyǒu yìsi.
There’s no point discussing serious music with such ignorant people.
地理
dìlǐ
1 geographical features of a place
熟悉地理民情
shúxī dìlǐ mínqíng
be familiar with the place and its people
2 geography
自然(经济)地理
zìrán(jīngjì)dìlǐ
physical (economic) geography
地理发现
dìlǐ fāxiàn
geographical discovery
地理分布
dìlǐ fēnbù
geographical distribution
地理环境
dìlǐ huánjìng
geographical conditions
地理特点
dìlǐ tèdiǎn
geographical features
地理位置
dìlǐ wèizhi
geographical position
只要
zhǐyào
CONJUNCTION(usu. used correlatively with 就 or 便) if only; as long as; provided
只要你有钱就办得到。
Zhǐyào nǐ yǒu qián jiù bàn de dào.
You could do it if only you had the money.
只要你在这儿, 我就放心了。
Zhǐyào nǐ zài zhèr, wǒ jiù fàngxīn le.
As long as you’re here, I’ll have nothing to worry about.
只要虚心, 就会进步。
Zhǐ yào xūxīn, jiù huì jìnbù.
Provided you are modest, you’ll surely make progress.
成绩
〔-績〕
chéngjì
result (of work or study); achievement; success
取得很大成绩
Qǔdé hěn dà chéngjì
achieve great successes
在比赛中取得良好的成绩
zài bǐsài zhōng qǔdé liánghǎo de chéngjì
get good results in a tournament
学习成绩不太好
xuéxí chéngjì bù tài hǎo
not do very well in one’s studies
在我们的工作中成绩是主要的。
Zài wǒmen de gōngzuò zhōng chéngjì shì zhǔyào de.
Our achievements are the main aspect of our work.
他们的工作是有成绩的。
Tāmen de gōngzuò shì yǒu chéngjì de.
Their work has been fruitful.
面积
〔-積〕
miànji
area
我国面积约为九百六十万平方公里。
Wǒguó miànji yuē wéi jiǔbǎi liùshí wàn píngfāng gōnglǐ.
The area of China is about 9.6 million square kilometres.
棉花种植面积
Miánhua zhòngzhí miànji
the acreage under cotton
展览会面积为三千平方米。
Zhǎnlǎnhuì miànji wéi sānqiān píngfāngmǐ.
The exhibition covers a floor space of 3,000 square metres.
万
〔萬〕
wàn
1 ten thousand
2 a very great number; myriad
万事万物
wànshìwànwù
myriads of things; all nature
万里长空 wànlǐchángkōng vast clear skies 3 ADVERB(used in the negative) absolutely
你万不可去。
Nǐ wàn bù kě qù.
You absolutely may not go.
此事万不可泄漏出去。 Cǐshì wàn bùkě xièlòu chūqu. Be sure not to let it out. 4 (Wàn) a surname See mò
平方公里
píngfāng gōnglǐ square kilometre (sq. km.)
世界
shìjiè
1 world
全世界
quánshìjiè
the whole world
世界大事
shìjiè dàshì
world events
世界冠军
shìjiè guànjūn
world champion
世界纪录 shìjiè jìlù world record 2 BUDDHISMthe universe ▶ 大千世界 dàqiān shìjiè 3 field; sphere; domain; realm
内心世界
nèixīn shìjiè
a person’s inner world
科学世界
kēxué shìjiè
the domain of sciences
禽鸟世界
qínniǎo shìjiè
the feathered world
人口
rénkǒu
1 population
人口稠密的地区
rénkǒu chóumì de dìqū
densely populated area; thickly inhabited district
人口众多(稀少)
rénkǒu zhòngduō(xīshǎo)
have a very large (a sparse) population
这个地区的人口有一百三十多万。
Zhège dìqū de rénkǒu yǒu yībǎi sānshí duō wàn.
This district has a population of more than 1.3 million.
2 number of people in a family
他们家人口不多。
Tāmen jiā rénkǒu bù duō.
There aren’t many people in their family.
包括
bāokuò
include; consist of; comprise; incor-porate
房租每月四元, 水电费包括在内。
Fángzū měi yuè sì yuán, shuǐ-diànfèi bāokuò zài nèi.
The rent is 4 yuan a month, including water and electricity.
联合王国包括英格兰、威尔士、苏格兰和北爱尔兰。
Liánhé Wángguó bāokuò Yīnggélán, wēi ěr shì, Sū gé lán hé běi Ài’ěrlán.
The United Kingdom comprises (or embraces) England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland.
委员会中包括老、中、青三部分人。
Wěiyuánhuì zhōng bāokuò lǎo, zhōng, qīng sān bùfen rén.
The committee consists of old, middle-aged and young people.
我们的设计已经包括了你们的意见。
Wǒmen de shèjì yǐjing bāokuò le nǐmen de yìjian.
Our design has incorporated your suggestions.
他的报告包括三个方面。
Tā de bàogào bāokuò sān ge fāngmiàn.
His report contained three aspects.
亿
〔億〕
yì
a hundred million
正确
〔-確〕
zhèngquè
correct; right; proper
正确的答案
Zhèngquè de dá’àn
a correct answer
正确的立场
zhèngquè de lìchǎng
a correct stand
你这样做是正确的。
Nǐ zhèyàng zuò shì zhèngquè de.
What you are doing is right.
正确处理国家、集体、个人三者之间的关系
Zhèngquè chǔlǐ guójiā, jítǐ, gèrén sān zhě zhījiān de guānxi
maintain a proper balance in the relationship between the state, the collective and the individual
正确对待自己
zhèngquè duìdài zìjǐ
adopt a correct attitude towards oneself
正确估计客观形势
zhèngquè gūjì kèguān xíngshì
accurately appraise the objective situation
正确的批评
zhèngquè de pīpíng
well-founded criticism
正确性
Zhèngquèxìng
correctness; soundness; validity
山峰
shānfēng
mountain peak
摇篮
〔搖籃〕
yáolán
cradle
她把孩子放在摇篮里, 把他摇睡着了。
Tā bǎ háizi fàng zài yáolán lǐ, bǎ tā yáo shuìzháo le.
She rocked the baby to sleep in the cradle.
延安是中国革命的摇篮。
Yán’ān shì Zhōngguó gémìng de yáolán.
Yan’an was the cradle of the Chinese revolution.
黄河是我国文化的摇篮。
Huáng Hé shì wǒguó wénhuà de yáolán.
The Yellow River was the cradle of Chinese civilization.
俄罗斯
〔-羅-〕
Éluósī
Russia
大陆
〔-陸〕
dàlù
continent; mainland
中国大陆
Zhōngguó dàlù
the mainland of China
香港
Xiānggǎng
1 Hong Kong (or Hongkong) Island
2 the entire Hong Kong area (including Hong Kong Island, Kowloon 九龙 and the New Territories 新界)
澳门
〔-門〕
Àomén
Aomen (Macao)
西藏
Xīzàng
Tibet
珠穆朗玛峰
〔—瑪-〕
Zhūmùlǎngmǎfēng
Mount Qomolangma (known to the West as Mount Everest)
黄河
〔黃-〕
Huánghé
the Huanghe River; the Yellow River
长江
〔長-〕
Chángjiāng
the Changjiang (Yangtze) River
长江后浪推前浪, 一代更比一代强。
Cháng Jiāng hòulàng tuī qiánlàng, yīdài gèng bǐ yī dài qiáng.
As in the Yangtze River the waves behind drive on those before, so each new generation excels the last one.
中华
〔-華〕
Zhōnghuá
1 the Chinese nation
2 China
旅游
〔-遊〕
lǚyóu
tour; tourism
名胜古迹
〔-勝-跡〕
míngshèng-gǔjì
places of historic interest and scenic beauty; scenic spots and historical sites
古迹
〔-跡〕
gǔjì
historic site; place of historic interest
自然
zìran
at ease; natural; free from affectation
态度非常自然
Tàidu fēicháng zìran
be quite at ease
她虽是初次演出, 但是演得很自然。
Tā suī shì chūcì yǎnchū, dànshì yǎn de hěn zìran.
Her acting was very natural although it was the first time she appeared on the stage.
他不自然地笑了一笑。
Tā bù zìran de xiào le yī xiào.
He forced a smile.
感觉
〔-覺〕
gǎnjué
1 sense perception; sensation; feeling
概念同感觉的区别
Gàiniàn tóng gǎnjué de qūbié
the difference between concepts and sense perceptions
感觉和思想只是外部世界的反映。
Gǎnjué hé sīxiǎng zhǐ shìwàibù shìjiè de fǎnyìng.
Sensations and ideas are only reflections of the external world.
这只是我个人的感觉。
Zhè zhǐshì wǒ gèrén de gǎnjué.
That’s only my personal feeling.
他给人以亲切的感觉。
Tā gěi rén yǐ qīnqiè de gǎnjué.
He gives you the impression that he’s a very kind man.
2 feel; perceive; become aware of
一场秋雨过后就感觉有点冷了。
Yī cháng qiūyǔ guò hòu jiù gǎnjué yǒu diǎn lěng le.
I felt a little bit cold after the autumn rain.
他感觉到了问题的严重性。
Tā gǎnjué dào le wèntí de yánzhòngxìng.
He became aware of the seriousness of the matter.
你感觉怎么样？
Nǐ gǎnjué zěnmeyàng？
How do you feel now?
松树
〔-樹〕
sōngshù
pine tree; pine
奇怪
qíguài
1 strange; surprising; odd
奇怪的声音
qíguài de shēngyīn
strange noise
奇怪的表情
qíguài de biǎoqíng
strange expression
一些奇奇怪怪的现象
yīxiē qí qíguài guài de xiànxiàng
some unusual phenomena
荧火虫很奇怪, 身体能发光。
Yíng huǒ chóng hěn qíguài, shēntǐ néng fāguāng.
The firefly is a strange insect that can give off light.
陨石雨是一种自然现象, 没有什么可奇怪的。
Yǔnshíyǔ shì yī zhǒng zìrán xiànxiàng, méiyǒu shénme kě qíguài de.
A meteorite shower is a natural phenomenon; there’s nothing strange about it.
真奇怪, 他们至今还一无所知。
Zhēn qíguài, tāmen zhìjīn hái yīwúsuǒzhī.
It’s really surprising that they should still be in the dark.
这个问题提得很奇怪。
Zhège wèntí tí de hěn qíguài.
It’s a strange question to raise.
各有各的爱好, 没什么奇怪。
Gè yǒu gè de àihào, méi shénme qíguài.
Everyone has his or her own hobby. It’s only natural.
2 feel surprised; wonder
他们都奇怪你为什么要辞职。
Tāmen dōu qíguài nǐ wèishénme yào cízhí.
They feel surprised at your resignation.
我奇怪他怎么不来。
Wǒ qíguài tā zěnme bù lái.
I wonder why he didn’t come.
这个人虽然住我隔壁, 但奇怪的是我从未见到他。
Zhège rén suīrán zhù wǒ gébì, dàn qíguài de shì wǒ cóngwèi jiàn dào tā.
He lives right next door, but strangely enough I’ve never seen him.
我们都奇怪为什么这点小事就是办不了。
Wǒmen dōu qíguài wèishénme zhè diǎn xiǎo shì jiù shì bànbuliǎo.
We really don’t understand why such a small matter is so hard to settle.
棵
kē MEASURE WORD(usu. for plants)
一棵树
yī kē shù
a tree
一棵大白菜
yī kē dàbáicài
a (head of) Chinese cabbage
黄山
〔黃-〕 Huángshān 1 Mt Huang 2 Yellow mountains 3 Huangshan prefecture level city centered around Huangshan Mountains in south Anhui
迎客松
Yíngkè Sōng
Greeting Pine, symbol of Mt Huang Huángshān [黃山]
运河
〔運-〕
yùnhé
canal
运河税
yùnhéshuì
canal dues
工程
gōngchéng
1 engineering
土木(机械, 电机, 采矿)工程
tǔmù(jīxiè, diànjī, cǎikuàng)gōngchéng
civil (mechanical, electrical, mining) engineering
2 project
水利工程
shuǐlì gōngchéng
water conservancy project
工程浩大
gōngchénghàodà
a gigantic project; a tremendous amount of work
挖
wā
dig; excavate
挖井
wājǐng
dig (or sink) a well
挖隧道
wā suìdào
excavate a tunnel
挖塘泥
wā tángní
scoop up sludge from a pond
挖煤
wāméi
mine coal
挖防空洞
wā fángkōngdòng
dig an air-raid shelter
柳树
〔-樹〕
liǔshù
willow
汇合
〔匯-〕
huìhé
converge; join
这两条河在什么地方汇合？
Zhè liǎng tiáo hé zài shénme dìfang huìhé？
Where do the two rivers join?
汇合成一支巨大的力量
huìhé chéng yī zhī jùdà de lìliang
unite to form a gigantic force
五条支流的汇合口
wǔ tiáo zhīliú de huìhé kǒu
the confluence of five tributaries
通航
tōngháng
be open to navigation or air traffic
北京与拉萨之间已通航了。
Běijīng yǔ Lāsà zhījiān yǐ tōngháng le.
There is now air service between Beijing and Lhasa.
通航水域
Tōngháng shuǐyù
navigable waters
段
duàn
1
MEASURE WORDsection; segment; part
一段铁路
Yī duàn tiělù
a section of railway
一段衣料
yī duàn yīliào
a length of dress material
这段历史
zhè duàn lìshǐ
this phase of history
一段时间
yī duàn shíjiān
a period of time
边界东段
biānjiè dōng duàn
the eastern sector of the boundary
2 paragraph; passage
另起一段
lìng qǐ yī duàn
start a new paragraph
这是钢琴五重奏《鳟鱼》里我最喜欢的一段。
Zhè shì gāngqín wǔ zhòng zòu 《Zūnyú》 lǐ wǒ zuì xǐhuan de yī duàn.
That is my favourite passage from the piano quintet, The Trout.
3 (Duàn) a surname
研究
yánjiū
1 study; research
研究自然规律
yánjiū zìrán guīlǜ
study the laws of nature
科学研究
kēxué yánjiū
scientific research
癌症病源研究
áizhèng bìngyuán yánjiū
researches into the causes of cancer
2 consider; discuss; deliberate
这些问题正在研究。
Zhèxiē wèntí zhèngzài yánjiū.
These matters are under review (or consideration).
引
yǐn
1 draw; stretch
引弓
yǐngōng
draw a bow
2 lead; guide
引滦入津
yǐn luán rù jīn
divert the water of the Luan River to Tianjin
3 leave
引避 yǐnbì keep (or stay, steer) clear of; make way for 4 stretch out ▶ 引颈 yǐnjǐng 5 induce; attract
劈柴太湿, 火引不着。
Pīchái tài shī, huǒ yǐn bu zháo.
The firewood is too wet to kindle.
6 cause; make
他这一句话引得大家笑起来。
Tā zhè yī jù huà yǐn dé dàjiā xiào qǐlai.
His remark set everybody laughing.
7 quote; cite
引某人的话
Yǐn mǒurén de huà
quote sb.
引自《中国日报》
yǐn zì 《Zhōngguó Rìbào》
quoted from China Daily
引书为证
yǐnshūwéizhèng
cite a book as proof
8 a traditional unit of length equal to 10 zhang 市丈 and equivalent to 33((1/3)) metres
改善
gǎishàn
improve; ameliorate
改善劳动条件
Gǎishàn láodòng tiáojiàn
improve working conditions
改善人民的生活
gǎishàn rénmín de shēnghuó
improve the people’s livelihood
今天我们改善生活。
Jīntiān wǒmen gǎishàn shēnghuó.
We improved our lives today.
两国关系有所改善。
Liǎng guó guānxi yǒusuǒ gǎishàn.
The relations between the two countries have shown some improvement.
杭州
Hángzhōu
Hangzhou (capital of Zhejiang Province)
隋炀帝
〔-煬-〕
Suí Yángdì
Emperor Yang of Sui (569-618), said to have murdered his father and brother to seize the throne, reigned 604-618
江南
Jiāngnán
south of the River-a region in the lower Changjiang (Yangtze) valley, including southern Jiangsu and Anhui and northern Zhejiang (much celebrated in poetry for its beauties and joys)
江南好。(白居易)
Jiāngnán hǎo. (Bái Jūyì)
It’s good to be in the South.
人人尽说江南好。(韦庄)
rénrén jìn shuō Jiāngnán hǎo. (Wéi zhuāng)
Everyone is full of praise for the beauty of the South.
扬州
〔揚-〕
Yángzhōu
Yangzhou (in Jiangsu Province)
长假
〔長-〕
chángjià
long leave of absence; resignation
请长假
qǐng chángjià
ask for a long leave of absence; hand in one’s resignation
假期
jiàqī
vacation; holiday; period of leave
经过
〔經過〕
jīngguò
1 pass; go through; undergo
这汽车经过动物园吗？
Zhè qìchē jīngguò dòngwùyuán ma？
Does this bus pass the Zoo?
经过长期磨练 jīngguò chángqī móliàn undergo a long process of tempering 2 PREPOSITIONas a result of; after; through
经过充分讨论, 大家取得了一致意见。
Jīngguò chōngfèn tǎolùn, dàjiā qǔdé le yīzhì yìjian.
After thorough discussion unanimity was achieved.
经过抢救, 病人脱离了危险。
Jīngguò qiǎngjiù, bìngrén tuōlí le wēixiǎn.
The patient is out of danger after emergency treatment.
3 process; course
事件的全部经过
Shìjiàn de quánbù jīngguò
the whole course of the incident; the whole process from beginning to end
事情的经过是这样的。
Shìqing de jīngguò shì zhèyàng de.
This is how it happened.
一部分
yībùfèn
1 portion
2 part of
3 subset
