Prac 48 Flashcards
独生子女
独生子女〔獨—〕
dúshēng zǐnǚ
only child
独
独〔獨〕
dú
1 only; single
独子 dúzǐ only son 2 ADVERBsolely; only
大家都到了, 独有他还没来。 Dàjiā dōu dào le, dúyǒu tā hái méi lái. He's the only one who isn't here yet. 3 ADVERBalone; by oneself; in solitude
独居
dújū
live a solitary existence
独坐 dúzuò sit alone 4 OLDpeople without offspring; the childless ▶ 鳏寡孤独 guān-guǎ-gū-dú 5 INFORMALstandoffish
他这个人真独。
Tā zhège rén zhēn dú.
He’s rather standoffish.
生育
生育
shēngyù
give birth to; bear
生育子女
shēngyù zǐnǚ
bear children
不能生育
bù néng shēngyù
be unable to have children; be sterile
她已过了生育年龄。
Tā yǐ guò le shēngyù niánlíng.
She is past her child-bearing age.
鼓励
鼓励〔-勵〕
gǔlì
encourage; urge
首长对我们讲了许多鼓励的话。
Shǒuzhǎng duì wǒmen jiǎng le xǔduō gǔlì de huà.
The leading cadres said a lot to encourage us.
老师鼓励大家学习英语。
Lǎoshī gǔlì dàjiā xuéxí Yīngyǔ.
Our teacher encouraged us to learn English.
夫妇
夫妇〔-婦〕
fūfù
husband and wife
新婚夫妇
xīnhūn fūfù
a newly married couple; newlyweds
年代
年代
niándài
1 age; years; time
战争年代
zhànzhēng niándài
during the war years
年代不详
niándài bùxiáng
without date; sine anno
年代久了, 石碑上的字迹已经模糊了。
Niándài jiǔ le, shíbēi shàng de zìjì yǐjing móhu le.
The inscriptions on the stone tablet have become blurred with the passage of time.
展出的古代文物都标明了年代。
Zhǎnchū de gǔdài wénwù dōu biāomíng le niándài.
The antiques on display are all marked with dates.
2 a decade of a century
八十年代
Bāshí niándài
the eighties
二十世纪九十年代
èrshí shìjì jiǔshí niándài
the 1990’s
增长
增长〔-長〕
zēngzhǎng
increase; rise; grow
平均增长百分之四十
píngjūn zēngzhǎng bǎifēn zhī sìshí
register an average increase of 40%
有计划地控制人口的增长
yǒu jìhuà de kòngzhì rénkǒu de zēngzhǎng
control population growth in a planned way
持续增长
chíxù zēngzhǎng
sustained growth
增长才干
zēngzhǎng cáigàn
enhance (or develop) one’s abilities
增长知识
zēngzhǎng zhīshi
broaden (or enrich) one’s knowledge
产量比解放前增长了七倍半。
Chǎnliàng bǐ Jiěfàng qián zēngzhǎng le qī bèi bàn.
Output is 8.5 times what it was before liberation.
人口已无增长。
Rénkǒu yǐ wú zēngzhǎng.
The population has reached zero growth.
达到
达到〔達-〕
dádào
achieve; attain; reach
达到目的
dádào mùdì
achieve (or attain) the goal
达到高潮
dádào gāocháo
reach a high tide; come to a climax
达到世界先进水平
dádào shìjiè xiānjìn shuǐpíng
come up to advanced world standards
你要求太高, 我恐怕达不到。
Nǐ yāoqiú tài gāo, wǒ kǒngpà dá bùdào.
Your expectations are too high. I’m afraid I can’t live up to them.
货物运输量将达到四千万吨。
Huòwù yùnshūliàng jiāng dádào sìqiān wàn dūn.
The volume of freight handled will amount to 40 million tons.
尽管
CONJUNCTIONthough; even though; in spite of; despite
尽管旱情严重, 今年的小麦还是丰收了。
Jǐnguǎn hànqíng yánzhòng, jīnnián de xiǎomài háishi fēngshōu le.
Despite the serious drought, the wheat harvest this year was good.
他尽管身体不好, 仍然坚持工作。
Tā jǐnguǎn shēntǐ bù hǎo, réngrán jiānchí gōngzuò.
Though he’s not in good health, he still keeps on working.
我喜欢这个工作, 尽管报酬很低。
Wǒ xǐhuan zhège gōngzuò, jǐnguǎn bàochou hěn dī.
I like the job, even though it’s badly paid.
以来
以来〔-來〕
yǐlái
PARTICLEsince
建国以来
jiànguó yǐlái
since the founding of the People’s Republic
长期以来
chángqīyǐlái
for a long time past
三年以来
sān nián yǐlái
in the past three years
自古以来
zìgǔ yǐlái
ever since the ancient times
政策
政策
zhèngcè
policy
政策教育
zhèngcè jiàoyù
education in policy
提高政策水平
tígāo zhèngcè shuǐpíng
enhance the understanding of policy
划清政策界限
huàqīng zhèngcè jièxiàn
draw clear lines of demarcation in applying a policy
控制
控制
kòngzhì
control; dominate; command
控制人口增长
kòngzhì rénkǒu zēngzhǎng
control population growth
控制货币发行
kòngzhì huòbì fāxíng
control monetary issue
控制局面
kòngzhì júmiàn
have the situation under control
控制险要
kòngzhì xiǎnyào
command a strategic position
她控制不住自己的感情。
Tā kòngzhì bù zhù zìjǐ de gǎnqíng.
She lost control of her emotions.
控制地面沉降
Kòngzhì dìmiàn chénjiàng
bring surface subsidence under control
控制产量, 提高质量
kòngzhì chǎnliàng, tígāo zhìliàng
restrict the output and improve the quality
他发起脾气来自己也不能够控制。
Tā fāqǐ píqi lái zìjǐ yě bù nénggòu kòngzhì.
He can’t control himself when he loses his temper.
率
率
lǜ
rate; proportion; ratio
人口增长率
rénkǒu zēngzhǎnglǜ
the rate of population growth
圆周率
yuánzhōulǜ
the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter
See shuài
平均
平均
píngjūn
1 average; mean
平均寿命
píngjūn shòumìng
average life span; life expectancy
平均速度
píngjūn sùdù
average speed; mean velocity
平均亩产量
píngjūn mǔchǎnliàng
per mu yield
按人口平均计算收入
àn rénkǒu píngjūn jìsuàn shōurù
per capita income
平均每年增长百分之五
píngjūn měi nián zēngzhǎng bǎifēn zhī wǔ
increase by an average of 5% a year
2 equally; share and share alike
平均分摊
píngjūn fēntān
share out equally
保持
保持
bǎochí
keep; maintain; preserve
保持安静
Bǎochí ānjìng
keep quiet
保持冷静的头脑
bǎochí lěngjìng de tóunǎo
keep a cool head; keep cool
跟群众保持密切联系
gēn qúnzhòng bǎochí mìqiè liánxì
keep close to the masses
保持中立
bǎochí zhōnglì
remain neutral; maintain neutrality
保持警惕
bǎochí jǐngtì
maintain vigilance; be on the alert
保持艰苦奋斗的作风
bǎochí jiānkǔfèndòu de zuòfēng
preserve (or keep up) the style of plain living and hard struggle
保持跳高记录
bǎochí tiàogāo jìlù
retain the high jump record
其实
其实〔-實〕
qíshí
ADVERBactually; in fact; as a matter of fact
其实情况不是那样。
Qíshí qíngkuàng bù shì nàyàng.
Actually, that is not the case.
这台机器看起来复杂, 其实不难掌握。
Zhè tái jīqì kàn qǐlai fùzá, qíshí bù nán zhǎngwò.
This machine looks complicated, but it’s really not difficult to operate.
你们只知道她会说英语, 其实她的日语也挺好。
Nǐmen zhǐ zhīdao tā huì shuō Yīngyǔ, qíshí tā de Rìyǔ yě tǐng hǎo.
You only know that she can speak English. As a matter of fact, her Japanese is pretty good too.
还要讨论？其实没有这个必要。
Hái yào tǎolùn？ Qíshí méiyǒu zhège bìyào.
Why have another discussion? I don’t think there’s any need for it.
何必大家掏钱？其实让我做东得了。
Hébì dàjiā tāoqián？ Qíshí ràng wǒ zuòdōng déliǎo.
Why go Dutch? Let me play the host.
交通
交通
jiāotōng
1 be connected; be linked
阡陌交通。
Qiānmòjiāotōng.
Linking paths lead everywhere.
2 traffic; communications
公路交通
Gōnglù jiāotōng
highway traffic
陆上交通
lùshàng jiāotōng
land traffic
市区交通
shìqū jiāotōng
urban traffic
交通便利
jiāotōng biànlì
have transport facilities
妨碍交通
Fáng’ài jiāotōng
interfere with the traffic
3 liaison; liaison man
交通员
jiāotōngyuán
liaison man; underground messenger
传统
传统〔傳統〕
chuántǒng
tradition
发扬优良传统
Fāyáng yōuliáng chuántǒng
carry on a fine tradition
革命传统
gémìng chuántǒng
revolutionary tradition
传统友谊
chuántǒng yǒuyì
traditional (ties of) friendship
传统观念
chuántǒng guānniàn
traditional ideas
传统剧目
chuántǒng jùmù
traditional theatrical pieces
重男轻女
重男轻女〔–輕-〕
zhòngnán-qīngnǚ
regard men as superior to women
客观
客观〔-觀〕
kèguān
objective
客观存在
kèguān cúnzài
objective reality (or fact, existence)
客观事物
kèguān shìwù
objective things (or reality); objectively existing things
客观条件
kèguān tiáojiàn
objective conditions
客观性
kèguānxìng
objectivity
客观形势
kèguān xíngshì
objective situation
他看问题比较客观。
Tā kàn wèntí bǐjiào kèguān.
He looks at problems objectively.
客观地讲
Kèguān de jiǎng
objectively speaking; objectively
