Prac 33 Flashcards
环境
〔環-〕
huánjìng
environment; surroundings; circumstances
换换环境
huàn huàn huánjìng
have a change of environment
为环境所迫
wéi huánjìng suǒ pò
be forced by circumstances
在艰苦的环境中成长
zài jiānkǔ de huánjìng zhōng chéngzhǎng
grow up under tough conditions
环境顺利
huánjìng shùnlì
under favourable circumstances
如环境许可
rú huánjìng xǔkě
if circumstances permit
创造适宜的经济和社会环境
chuàngzào shìyí de jīngjì hé shèhuì huánjìng
create a favourable economic and social environment
改善投资环境
gǎishàn tóuzī huánjìng
improve the investment environment
空气
〔-氣〕
kōngqì
1 air
湿空气
Shīkōngqì
moist air
山上空气稀薄。
Shān shàng kōngqì xībó.
Up in the mountains the air is thin.
2 atmosphere
会场上空气紧张。
Huìchǎng shàng kōngqì jǐnzhāng.
A tense atmosphere pervaded the meeting.
这里的政治空气很浓厚。
Zhèlǐ de zhèngzhì kōngqì hěn nónghòu.
People here take a great interest in politics.
步
bù
1 step; pace
只有几步路了。
Zhǐyǒu jǐ bù lù le.
It’s only a few steps away.
大步前进
Dà bù qiánjìn
advance with big strides
走一步棋
zǒu yī bù qí
make a move (in chess, etc.)
2 stage; step
下一步怎么办？
Xià yī bù zěnme bàn？
What’s the next step (or move)?
这只好一步一步地去做。
Zhè zhǐ hǎo yī bù yī bù de qù zuò.
This will have to be done step by step.
3 condition; situation; state
事情怎么发展到这一步？ Shìqing zěnme fāzhǎn dào zhè yī bù？ How did things get into such a state? 4 an old measure of length, equivalent to 5 chi 5 walk; go on foot
步入会场 bùrù huìchǎng walk into the assembly hall 6 FORMALtread ▶ 步人后尘 bù rén hòuchén 7 DIALECTmeasure by paces; pace out
步一步这块地够不够三亩。
Bù yī bù zhè kuài dì gòu bù gòu sān mǔ.
Pace out this piece of land and see if it’s three mu in area.
(same as 埠, usu. used as part of a place name)
盐步
Yán bù
Yanbu (in Guangdong Province)
科学家
〔-學-〕
kēxuéjiā
scientist
高原
gāoyuán
plateau; highland; tableland
青藏高原
Qīng Zàng gāoyuán
the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau
建立
jiànlì
build; establish; set up; found
建立友好关系
jiànlì yǒuhǎo guānxi
build friendly relations
建立外交关系
jiànlì wàijiāo guānxi
establish diplomatic relations
建立农村根据地
jiànlì nóngcūn gēnjùdì
build rural base areas
建立统一战线
jiànlì tǒngyī zhànxiàn
form a united front
建立“铁人”式的工人队伍
jiànlì “tiěrén” shì de gōngrén duìwu
build up contingents of workers of the “Iron Man” type
建立信心
jiànlì xìnxīn
build up one’s confidence
建立功勋
jiànlì gōngxūn
perform meritorious deeds
建立合作医疗制度
jiànlì hézuò yīliáo zhìdù
set up (or institute) a cooperative medical service
建立良好的公共秩序
jiànlì liánghǎo de gōnggòng zhìxù
establish good public order
植物园
〔–園〕
zhíwùyuán
botanical garden
植物
zhíwù
plant; flora
夏令营
〔–營〕
xiàlìngyíng
summer camp
接受
jiēshòu
accept
接受邀请
Jiēshòu yāoqǐng
accept an invitation
接受辞职
jiēshòu cízhí
accept a resignation
接受任务
jiēshòu rènwu
accept an assignment
接受意见
jiēshòu yìjian
take sb.’s advice
接受马克思主义
jiēshòu Mǎkèsīzhǔyì
embrace Marxism
容易接受新思想
róngyì jiēshòu xīn sīxiǎng
be readily receptive to new ideas
接受教训
jiēshòu jiàoxùn
learn (or draw) a lesson
接受考验
jiēshòu kǎoyàn
face up to a test
接受群众的监督
jiēshòu qúnzhòng de jiāndū
subject oneself to supervision by the masses
接受贿赂
jiēshòu huìlù
accept (or take) bribes
附保留接受
fù bǎoliú jiēshòu
acceptance under reserve
注意
zhùyì
pay attention to; take note (or notice) of
注意工作方法
zhùyì gōngzuò fāngfǎ
pay attention to methods of work
必须注意团结一切可以团结的人。
Bìxū zhùyì tuánjié yīqiè kěyǐ tuánjié de rén.
Care must be taken to unite with all those that can be united with.
我没注意他什么时候走的。
Wǒ méi zhùyì tā shénme shíhou zǒu de.
I didn’t notice when he left.
注意, 马上就要点炮啦!
Zhùyì, mǎshàng jiùyào diǎn pào la!
Look out! We’re ready to blast.
注意别摔倒。
Zhùyì bié shuāidǎo.
Mind you don’t fall.
注意事项
zhùyì shìxiàng
matters needing attention; points for attention
继续
〔繼續〕
jìxù
1 continue; go on
继续工作
Jìxù gōngzuò
continue working
继续有效
jìxù yǒuxiào
remain valid; remain in force
继续执政
jìxù zhízhèng
continue in office; remain in power
会议继续到深夜。
Huìyì jìxù dào shēnyè.
The meeting went on till late at night.
有些问题仍需继续研究。
Yǒuxiē wèntí réng xū jìxù yánjiū.
Some problems require further study.
他们第二天又继续会谈。
Tāmen dì-èr tiān yòu jìxù huìtán.
They resumed the talks the next day.
大雨继续了三昼夜。
Dàyǔ jìxù le sān zhòu-yè.
It rained heavily for three days and nights.
2 continuation
中国革命是伟大的十月革命的继续。
Zhōngguó gémìng shì wěidà de Shíyuè Gémìng de jìxù.
The Chinese revolution is a continuation of the great October Revolution.
条件
〔條-〕
tiáojiàn
1 condition; term; factor
自然条件
zìrán tiáojiàn
natural conditions
贸易条件
màoyì tiáojiàn
terms of trade
利用有利的条件
lìyòng yǒulì de tiáojiàn
make use of the favourable factors
在目前条件下
zài mùqián tiáojiàn xià
given the present conditions; under present circumstances
在对等的条件下给予优惠待遇
zài duì děng de tiáojiàn xià jǐyǔ yōuhuì dàiyù
give preferential treatment on a reciprocal basis
为马克思主义政党的诞生准备条件
Wèi Mǎkèsīzhǔyì zhèngdǎng de dànshēng zhǔnbèi tiáojiàn
prepare the ground for the founding of a Marxist party
这个工厂生产条件好。
Zhège gōngchǎng shēngchǎn tiáojiàn hǎo.
This factory has very good conditions for production.
2 requirement; prerequisite; qualification
提出条件
Tíchū tiáojiàn
list the prerequisites; put forward the requirements
做这项工作需要具备什么条件？
Zuò zhè xiàng gōngzuò xūyào jùbèi shénme tiáojiàn？
What qualifications do you need for this job?
当宇航员对身体条件要求很严。
Dāng yǔhángyuán duì shēntǐ tiáojiàn yāoqiú hěn yán.
The physical fitness requirements for being an astronaut are very stiff.
移植
yízhí
1 transplant
移植秧苗
Yízhí yāngmiáo
transplant seedlings
近年来京剧从各种地方戏曲移植了不少优秀的剧目。
Jìnniánlái Jīngjù cóng gèzhǒng dìfang xìqǔ yízhí le bùshǎo yōuxiù de jùmù.
In recent years many good local operas have been adapted as Beijing operas.
2
MEDICINEtransplanting; grafting
移
yí
1 move; remove; shift
把桌子移到那边去
bǎ zhuōzi yí dào nà biān qù
move the table over there
移沙造田
yí shā zàotián
create farmland by removing sand drifts
2 change; alter
献身革命志不移
xiànshēn gémìng zhì bù yí
dedicate oneself to the revolution with unshakable will
VARIANTS
迻 yí
木屋
mùwū
log cabin
木
mù
1 tree ▶ 树木 shùmù
2 timber; wood
松木
sōngmù
pinewood
3 made of wood; wooden
木制家具
mù zhì jiāju
wooden furniture
木箱
mùxiāng
wooden box
木桥
mùqiáo
wooden bridge
4 coffin ▶ 棺木 guānmù
1 simple; plain ▶ 木讷 mùnè
2 numb; wooden
两脚都冻木了。
Liǎng jiǎo dōu dòng mù le.
Both feet were numb with cold.
舌头木了, 什么味儿也尝不出来。
Shétou mù le, shénme wèir yě cháng bù chūlai.
My tongue has lost all its sense of taste.
屋子
wūzi
room
三间屋子
sān jiān wūzi
three rooms
灵山
〔靈-〕
Língshān
Lingshan county in Qinzhou Qīnzhōu [钦州], Guangxi
登
dēng
1 ascend; mount; scale (a height)
登上讲台
dēng shàng jiǎngtái
mount the platform
登上峰顶
dēng shàng fēngdǐng
reach the summit
在旧社会, 穷孩子上大学比登天还难。
Zài jiù shèhuì, qióng háizi shàng dàxué bǐ dēng tiān hái nán.
In the old society, for poor children to go to college was harder than climbing to heaven.
2 publish; record; enter
登帐
dēngzhàng
enter an item in an account book
登广告
dēng guǎnggào
advertise (in a newspaper)
最近一期《中国建设》登了几篇有关四个现代化的文章。
Zuìjìn yī qī 《Zhōngguó Jiànshè》 dēng le jǐ piān yǒuguān sì ge xiàndàihuà de wénzhāng.
The latest issue of China Reconstructs carries (or has) several articles about the four modernizations.
他的名字登上了光荣榜。
Tā de míngzi dēng shàng le guāngróngbǎng.
His name appeared on the honour roll.
3 be gathered and taken to the threshing ground ▶ 五谷丰登 wǔgǔ fēngdēng
1 press down with the foot; pedal; treadle
登三轮车
Dēng sānlúnchē
pedal a pedicab
2 step on; tread
登在窗台儿上擦玻璃 dēng zài chuāngtáir shàng cā bōli step onto the sill to clean the window 3 DIALECTput on (shoes or trousers)
登上鞋
dēng shàng xié
put one’s shoes on
脚登高跟鞋
jiǎo dēng gāogēnxié
wearing high-heeled shoes
绿化
〔綠-〕
lǜhuà
make (a place) green by planting trees, flowers, etc.; afforest
绿化山区
Lǜhuà shānqū
afforest the mountain district
绿化城市
lǜhuà chéngshì
plant trees in and around the city
植树造林, 绿化祖国。
Zhíshùzàolín, lǜhuà zǔguó.
Plant trees everywhere and make the country green.
解决
〔-決〕
jiějué
1 solve; resolve; settle
解决争端
Jiějué zhēngduān
settle a dispute
解决困难
jiějué kùnnan
overcome a difficulty; find a way out of a difficulty
解决问题
jiějué wèntí
solve a problem; settle a question (or an issue); work out a solution
很快地解决战斗
hěn kuài de jiějué zhàndòu
bring a battle to a quick decision
不同质的矛盾, 只有用不同质的方法才能解决。
Bùtóng zhì de máodùn, zhǐyǒu yòng bùtóng zhì de fāngfǎ cái néng jiějué.
Qualitatively different contradictions can only be resolved by qualitatively different methods.
2 dispose of; finish off
这一仗把敌人完全解决了。
Zhè yī zhàng bǎ dírén wánquán jiějué le.
In that battle we finished off all the enemy troops.
污染
wūrǎn
pollute; contaminate
这条河已为该厂的废水所污染。
Zhè tiáo hé yǐ wéi gāi chǎng de fèishuǐ suǒ wūrǎn.
The river has been polluted by the waste water from that factory.
污染地带
Wūrǎn dìdài
contaminated zone
沙漠
shāmò
desert
活
huó
1 live
她活到八十岁。
Tā huó dào bāshí suì.
She lived to be eighty.
鱼在水里才能活。
Yú zài shuǐ lǐ cái néng huó.
Fish can only live in water.
2 alive; living
在他活着的时候
Zài tā huó zhe de shíhou
during his lifetime
活老虎
huó lǎohǔ
a live tiger
3 save (the life of a person)
活人无算
huórénwúsuàn
(of a good doctor, etc.) save countless lives
4 vivid; lively
把这个角色演活了
bǎ zhège juésè yǎn huó le
give a vivid portrayal of the character
把经济搞活
bǎ jīngjì gǎohuó
reinvigorate the economy
脑子很活
nǎozi hěn huó
have a quick mind
把会开得活点 bǎ huì kāi de huó diǎn make the meeting more lively 5 movable; moving ▶ 活结 huójié 6 ADVERBexactly; simply ▶ 活像 huóxiàng
1 work
我的活儿干完了。
Wǒ de huór gàn wán le.
I have finished the work.
2 product
这批活儿做得好。
Zhè pī huór zuò de hǎo.
This batch of products is well made.
确实
〔確實〕
quèshí
1 true; reliable
确实的消息
quèshí de xiāoxi
reliable information
确实的数字
quèshí de shùzì
exact figures
把发生的事说得确确实实 bǎ fāshēng de shì shuō de què quèshí shí give an accurate and detailed account of what has happened 2 ADVERBreally; indeed
这确实是个很好的建议。
Zhè quèshí shì ge hěn hǎo de jiànyì.
This is really a very good suggestion.
他确实来过。
Tā quèshí lái guò.
Yes, he did come.
他最近确实有些进步。
Tā zuìjìn quèshí yǒu xiē jìnbù.
He’s really made some progress recently.
你听到爆炸声了？——确实听到了。
Nǐ tīng dào bàozhà shēng le？ —— quèshí tīngdào le.
Did you hear the explosion? - Indeed I did.
首都
shǒudū
capital (of a country)
都市
dūshì
a big city; metropolis
植树节
植树节〔-樹節〕
Zhíshùjié
National Treeplanting Day (March 12)
植树
〔-樹〕
zhíshù
tree planting
植树造林
zhíshùzàolín
afforestation
抢救
〔搶-〕
qiǎngjiù
rescue; save; salvage
抢救国家财产
Qiǎngjiù guójiā cáichǎn
save state property (from a fire, flood, etc.)
抢救水淹了的庄稼
qiǎngjiù shuǐ yān le de zhuāngjia
salvage flooded crops
抢救病人
qiǎngjiù bìngrén
give emergency treatment to a patient; rescue a patient
抢救无效。
Qiǎngjiù wúxiào.
All rescue measures proved ineffectual.
抢救工作
Qiǎngjiù gōngzuò
rescue work
抢救组
qiǎngjiù zǔ
rescue party
动物园
〔動-園〕
dòngwùyuán
zoo; zoological garden
竹叶青
〔-葉-〕
zhúyèqīng
green bamboo snake
bamboo-leaf-green liqueur, a pale green Fen (汾) liquor or a light yellow Shaoxing (绍兴) wine
肥
féi
1 fat
肥猪
féizhū
a big porker
这肉太肥了。
Zhè ròu tài féi le.
The meat is too fat.
2 fertile; rich
这里的地肥极了。 Zhèlǐ de dì féi jíle. The soil here is extremely fertile. 3 fertilize ▶ 肥田粉 féitiánfěn 4 fertilizer; manure
上点儿肥
Shàng diǎnr féi
spread some manure on the soil
这些花缺肥。 Zhèxiē huā quē féi. The flowers are in need of fertilizer. 5 become rich by illegal means or income 6 loose-fitting; loose; large
这条裤子太肥了。
Zhè tiáo kùzi tài féi le.
These trousers are too baggy.
腿
tuǐ
1 leg
他腿长。
Tā tuǐ cháng.
He has long legs.
2 a leglike support
桌子(椅子)腿
zhuōzi(yǐzi)tuǐ
legs of a table (chair)
3 ham ▶ 火腿 huǒtuǐ
耳朵
ěrduo
ear
耳朵尖
ěrduo jiān
have sharp ears
穿耳朵
chuān ěrduo
have one’s earlobes pierced (for wearing earrings)
眼睛
yǎnjing
eye
她那双眼睛十分动人。
Tā nà shuāng yǎnjing shífēn dòngrén.
Her eyes are very beautiful.
群众的眼睛是雪亮的。
Qúnzhòng de yǎnjing shì xuěliàng de.
The masses are sharp-sighted. or The masses have sharp eyes.
墨镜
〔-鏡〕
mòjìng
sunglasses
留/畱
liú
1 remain; stay
你留在原地。
Nǐ liú zài yuándì.
Stay where you are.
会后你留一下。
Huì hòu nǐ liú yīxià.
Will you please remain after the meeting.
他留在农村工作了。
Tā liú zài nóngcūn gōngzuò le.
He stayed on in the countryside to work.
2 reside in a foreign country to study
留日
Liú rì
study in Japan
留美
liúMěi
study in the U.S.
3 ask sb. to stay; keep sb. where he is
他们一定要留我们吃午饭。
Tāmen yīdìng yào liú wǒmen chī wǔfàn.
They pressed us to stay for lunch.
那我就不留你了。 Nà wǒ jiù bù liú nǐ le. In that case I won't keep you any longer. 4 pay attention to ▶ 留心 liúxīn 5 reserve; keep; save
留座位
Liú zuòwèi
reserve a seat for sb.
把钱留起来, 以后用。
Bǎ qián liú qǐlai, yǐhòu yòng.
Save the money for use later on.
留着这个有什么用？
Liú zhe zhège yǒu shénme yòng？
What’s the use of keeping this?
三块钱给你两块, 我留一块。
Sān kuài qián gěi nǐ liǎng kuài, wǒ liú yī kuài.
Here’s three yuan. I give you two and I keep one.
这本书是我给你留着的。
Zhè běn shū shì wǒ gěi nǐ liú zhe de.
I’ve kept this book for you.
6 let grow; grow; wear
留胡子
liú húzi
grow a beard (or moustache)
留小辫儿
liú xiǎobiànr
wear plaits (or braids); wear one’s hair in plaits (or braids)
留短头发
liú duǎn tóufa
wear one’s hair short; have short hair; have bobbed hair
7 accept (sth. given); take
礼物先留下来。
Lǐwù xiān liú xiàlái.
Let’s accept the gift first.
我们的邻居想把五只小猫都给我们, 我们只留了一只。
Wǒmen de línjū xiǎng bǎ wǔ zhī xiǎo māo dōu gěi wǒmen, wǒmen zhǐ liú le yī zhī.
Our neighbours wanted to give us all of their five kittens, but we only took one.
8 leave behind
给她留个条。
Gěi tā liú ge tiáo.
Leave a note for her.
请他留个地址。
Qǐng tā liú ge dìzhǐ.
Ask him to leave his address.
他把孩子留在家里了。
Tā bǎ háizi liú zài jiālǐ le.
He left the children at home.
他死后留下三个孩子。
Tā sǐ hòu liú xià sān ge háizi.
He died and left three children.
他父亲死后给他留下一所房子。
Tā fùqin sǐ hòu gěi tā liúxià yī suǒ fángzi.
His father died and left him a house.
祖先留给了我们丰富的文化遗产。
Zǔxiān liúgěi le wǒmen fēngfù de wénhuà yíchǎn.
Our forefathers have left us a rich cultural heritage.
这次参观给我们留下了深刻的印象。
Zhè cì cānguān gěi wǒmen liúxià le shēnkè de yìnxiàng.
The visit made a deep impression on us.
使者
shǐzhě
emissary; envoy; messenger
他是一位和平使者。
Tā shì yī wèi hépíng shǐzhě.
He is an ambassador of peace.
野生动物
〔–動-〕
yěshēngdòngwù
wildlife
保护野生动物
bǎohù yěshēng dòngwù
conserve wildlife
协会
〔協會〕
xiéhuì
association; society
中国人民对外友好协会
Zhōngguó rénmín duìwài yǒuhǎo xiéhuì
the Chinese People’s Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries
保护
〔-護〕
bǎohù
protect; safeguard
保护眼睛
Bǎohù yǎnjing
protect one’s eyes
保护环境, 防止污染
bǎohù huánjìng, fángzhǐ wūrǎn
protect the environment against pollution
保护人民的利益
bǎohù rénmín de lìyì
safeguard the people’s interests
保护现场
bǎohù xiànchǎng
keep intact the scene of a crime or accident
体操运动员都学会了互相保护和自我保护。
Tǐcāo yùndòngyuán dōu xuéhuì le hùxiāng bǎohù hé zìwǒ bǎohù.
The gymnasts have all learnt to protect each other and themselves against injuries.
