Women's Health / Cervicitis Flashcards
1
Q
What are the infectious causes of cervicitis?
A
- Chlamydia trachomatis
- Neisseria gonorrhoeae
- herpes simplex
- Trichomonas vaginalis
2
Q
What signs and symptoms are suggestive of cervicitis?
A
- dysuria
- frequency
- endocervical discharge
- postcoital bleeding
- dyspareunia
- vulvovaginal irritation
3
Q
How does cervicitis appear on speculum examination?
A
- cervical or urethral discharge
- erythema
- friable cervix
4
Q
What is ectropion?
A
- eversion of columnar cervical epithelium over the external os
- often caused by oral contraceptives and found in adolescents
- It is a normal finding and may look similar but should not be mistaken for cervicitis.
5
Q
How can you differentiate between dysuria from sexually transmitted infections (STIs) versus UTIs?
A
STI: nitrite negative, urine culture negative
UTI: nitrite positive, hematuria, urine culture positive
Both: pyuria, leukocyte esterase positive
6
Q
What tests can be used to confirm the diagnosis of gonococcal and chlamydial cervicitis?
A
- DNA amplification tests on urine or urethral discharge
- culture on Thayer-Martin agar (for gonorrhea only)
7
Q
Which STI is the most prevalent in the United States?
A
Chlamydia
8
Q
How is chlamydial cervicitis treated?
A
- Azithromycin 1 g PO × 1 or
- Doxycycline 100 mg PO bid × 7 days
9
Q
If a patient has gonorrhea, for which other STI should you empirically treat?
A
Chlamydia
10
Q
How is gonococcal cervicitis treated?
A
- Ceftriaxone 125 mg IM × 1 or
- cefixime 400 mg PO × 1 or
- cefpodoxime 400 mg PO × 1
- PLUS empiric treatment for chlamydia
