Sports & Occupational Medicine _ Sports and Work Injuries Flashcards
What is the continuum of exertional heat illness?
- Heat stress → heat cramps → heat exhaustion → heat stroke
What factors increase the risk for heat illness?
- Vigorous activity
- wet clothing
- poor conditioning
- obesity
- medications that effect the autonomic nervous system
- extremes of age
- diuretic supplements
- poor acclimatization
The symptoms of weakness, sweating, flushing, piloerection, headache, and dyspnea suggest what heat syndrome?
Heat exhastion
The symptoms of weakness, sweating, flushing, piloerection, headache, and dyspnea; and presence of central nervous system changes suggest what heat syndrome?
Heat Stroke
A core temprature greater than what is diagnostic for heat stroke?
>40°C
What is the treatment for heat exhaustion?
Moderate cooling and oral hydration
What is the treatment for heat stroke?
- rapid cooling with ice packs and baths
- IV fluids and urgent transport to medical facility
What is the initial treatment of frostbite to help prevent furhter tissue damage?
Rapid rewarming in hot bath at 40 oC
What are absolute contraindications to exercise in pregnancy?
- preterm labour
- ruptured membraines
- incompetent cervix
- poor fetal growth
- pregnancy-induced hypertension
- multiple gestation
- persistent bleeding after 12 weeks
How do you calculate maximum heart rate (HR max ) for aerobic exercise?
- HR max = 220−age
What is the calculation to determine target heart rate (THR)?
THR = ([HR max −resting heart rate] × % of desired training intensity) + resting heart rate
What is the THR for increasing aerobic capacity?
70% of the maximum heart rate
