Dermatology/ Bacterial Skin Infections Flashcards

1
Q

What is cellulitis?

A

An acute infection of dermal and subcutaneous tissue characterized by red, warm, tender skin

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2
Q

What organisms most commonly cause cellulitis?

A

Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococci pyogenes

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3
Q

What part of the body is most commonly affected in cellulitis?

A

Lower legs

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4
Q

A young, otherwise healthy person presents with cellulitis of the arm. What should you suspect?

A

IV drug use

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5
Q

What should you think of in a patient with bilateral lower leg cellulitis?

A

Venous stasis dermatitis

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6
Q

What are the risk factors for cellulitis?

A
  • disruption of the skin barrier
  • venous or lymphatic compromise
  • decreased immunity
  • a previous history of cellulitis
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7
Q

What is the treatment of cellulitis?

A
  • Initial empiric therapy with penicillinase-resistant semisynthetic penicillin or first-generation cephalosporin
  • vancomycin in severe infections or in areas with high incidence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus
  • surgical intervention with debridement for severe infections
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8
Q

What is the name for clusters of small, red, raised pustules and lesions less than 5 mm in diameter over hair follicles?

A

Folliculitis

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9
Q

What are the most common pathogens involved in folliculitis?

A
  • S. aureus
  • Pseudomonas (especially in hot tubs)
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10
Q

What is the treatment for this condition?

A
  • Warm compresses
  • topical mupirocin
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11
Q

What is the likely diagnosis when a patient has lesions that begin as papules and then progress to vesicles and pustules with honey colored crust?

A

Impetigo

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12
Q

When an abscess forms in the subcutaneous tissues below an infected hair follicle, what is this called?

A

Boil or furuncle

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13
Q

What is the most common pathogen involved in skin abscesses?

A

S. aureus

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14
Q

What is the treatment for skin abscesses?

A

Warm compresses, if small, incision and drainage, if large. Consider appropriate antibiotic coverage, if large or not resolving with compresses.

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15
Q

Intensely pruritic papules or burrows that commonly occur in finger web spaces, waist, and genitals should make you suspect what condition?

A

Scabies

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16
Q

What is the treatment of Scabies?

A

Apply permethrin 5% cream over entire body from neck down and wash off after 8-12 hours, machine-wash clothing and bedding at 60°C.