Cardiology_Cardiomyopathy

Question 1

List the three types of cardiomyopathy.

Answer 1

1. Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM)
2. Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM)
3. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)

Question 2

Describe DCM

Answer 2

• Typically involves LV dilation and systolic dysfunction (but may involve four-chamber dilation).
• Therapy is directed at treating systolic dysfunction.

Question 3

List some conditions that can lead to DCM

Answer 3

• Alcohol
• atrial flutter
• atrial fibrillation
• thyroid dysfunction
• pregnancy
• adenovirus, HIV
• SLE
• cocaine
• Beriberi (vitamin B1 deficiency)

Question 4

DCM is diagnosed with what imaging modality?

Answer 4

Echocardiography

Question 5

Describe RCM

Answer 5

• Diastolic dysfunction without evidence of dilation or hypertrophy of the left ventricle.
• Therapy is directed at treating diastolic dysfunction.

Question 6

List some conditions that can lead to RCM

Answer 6

• Amyloidosis
• sarcoidosis
• glycogen storage diseases
• hemochromatosis
• idiopathic RCM

Question 7

What is the most common cause of sudden cardiac death in young athletes?

Answer 7

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Question 8

What disease states fall under this general category of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy(HCM)?

Answer 8

• Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM)
• asymmetric septal hypertrophy (ASH)
• idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis (IHSS)

Question 9

How is HCM diagnosed?

Answer 9

• EKG to demonstrate left axis deviation and left ventricular hypertrophy
• echocardiography to show ventricular thickening

Question 10

What classes of drugs are typically used to treat HCM?

Answer 10

• Calcium-channel blockers and beta-blockers

Question 11

When should surgical treatment for HCM be considered?

Answer 11

• when LV outflow tract obstruction is inadequately controlled by medical management