USMLE Rx: Week of 07/11/16 Flashcards
The pulmonary arteries run with the __________ along the ___________.
bronchi; center of the bronchopulmonary segment
Lymphadenopathy due to infection will most often be _________.
painful
Which type of breast cancer is most common?
Ductal (the ducts are proDUCTive)
Prednisone can cause what type of leukocyte abnormality?
Leukocytosis, due to demargination from the vessel wall
In addition to anemia, what other symptoms will lead poisoning commonly present with?
Neurologic symptoms (such as ataxia) and increased bone density
What is the typical histologic presentation of glioblastoma multiforme?
Central area of necrosis
Limp in an asthmatic might indicate what medication toxicity?
Prednisone (which can cause avascular necrosis of the femoral head)
Shoulder dislocation commonly injures what nerve?
The axillary nerve (which innervates the ????)
Which two hepatitis viruses can cause hepatocellular carcinoma?
B and C
For which hepatitis strain is there not a vaccine?
C
How is sickle hemoglobin’s oxygen-saturation curve different?
It is normal in free molecules, but when it polymers it is right-shifted
What two movements will be lost in radial-nerve injuries?
Supination of the forearm and extension of the wrist
At which ribs are the lung fissures?
R: 4 and 6 (horizontal at 4 and oblique at 6)
Tension pneumothorax can cause __________ distension.
jugular venous (because of the increased pressure)
Describe ragged-red fiber myopathies.
Mitochondrially-inherited disorder presenting with cardiac conduction defects, ataxia, muscle weakness, and sensorineural hearing loss;
If the stem mentions a “restrained patient,” think of _____________.
pulmonary embolism!!!
What three cancers cause the most deaths in men and women?
M: lung > prostate > colorectal
W: lung > breast > colorectal
What histologic renal finding can multiple myeloma produce?
Amyloidosis in the mesangium and subendothelial space
Meningiomas are relatively _________; they typically have smooth demarcations and are easily resected.
benign
Inulin is neither ___________.
reabsorbed or secreted
In addition to sclerosis, the defining feature of FSGS is ____________.
hyaline deposition
How does etoposide work and for what cancer is it commonly used?
It interferes with the uncoiling of DNA and it is used for small cell carcinoma
What is a major adverse effect of chloramphenicol?
Aplastic anemia
Hyperparathyroidism due to renal failure results from _______________.
inability to excrete phosphate, not the inability to reabsorb calcium
Almost _______ of all brain tumors are metastatic.
half (with lung, brain, and melanoma being the most common)
Tamoxifen increases risk of __________.
endometrial hyperplasia
Tamoxifen inhibits what type of cell?
Osteoclasts
Which hepatitis is a DNA virus?
HBV (it is a hepadnavirus;
What is the only part of the hand that is cutaneously innervated by the radial nerve?
The dorso-lateral part
What type of lung cancer can cause Cushing’s syndrome?
Small cell
