U World Assesment 1 Flashcards
Recent trauma, white looking lung (pulm opaciety) with normal sized heart
could be ARDS
What is the cause of ARDS
injury to pneumocytes and pulmanry endothilum
What does DM nephropathy look like
Mesangial Expansion
Basement membrane thickining
Glomerular Sclerosis
Speed of conduction through the heart
Fastest- Perkingie (in ventricles) -> Atria -> Ventricles-> AV node (R atria) -Slowest
Park AT Ventricular AVenue
Heart Conduction Pathyway
SA (atria) –> AV (tricuspid)–> Bundle of his–> L/R Bundle Branch –> Perkingie–> Vent. Muscle
Tumor most often seen in Paget of bone
Osteosarcoma
“periosteal elevation” or Sun Burst Pattern
What do Proteases cleave
Protein tagged with ubiquitin
A “Ladder” of DNA on gel electropheisis
Apoptosis- Cleaves DNA into 180 base pairr bits, leading to equal ladder aperence on gel
What is pheostigmine
cholinesterase inhibitor
aka increases AcH
Atropine will reverse its effect
Side effects of Atropine
Hot as a hare ( increased body temp) Dry as a bone (dry mouth, skin, etc) Red as a beet (flushed) Blind as a bat ( cycloplegia) Mad as a hatter (AMS)
Jimson weed is drug of abuse that will also lead to this (acts same as atropine)
Why does atropine increase body temp
decreased sweating
Achondroplasia demonstrates what kind of penetrance
complete penetrance
Translocation for Burkitt Lymphoma
t(8:14)
CML translocation
t (9:22)
ALL translocation
t (12:21)
Follicular lymphoma translocation
t (14:18)
Which disease shows auer rods
APML
t( 15:17)
What does IL 2 do
made by T CELL
Stimulates growth of T, B, NK, Mac cells
A calcuim dependant adhesion molecule that binds epithilial cells together
Cadherin
Defense Sublimation
Channeling impulse into a sociatly GOOD thiing
*Mature
How does ligand binding to a TK receptor work
TK receptor dimerizes and exposes the active site
Nasal septum perferation is probably
Substance Abuse most likely cocain mediated by vasoconstriction
How long does an Acute Stress disorder go on for to start being called PTSD
ASD is over 3 days, less than 1 month
After 1 month, the symptoms are called PTSD
Schizophrenic Symptoms lasting LESS than 6 months is called
Schizophreniform
What are the 2 labs that evaluate a pleural effeusion (lights criteria)
Protein (high in exudate/ infection)
LDH (high in transudate/ CHF)
Primary Test for Herditary Spherocytosis
Osmotic fraglity
Low OSM–> More hemolysis (vs control)
Where does hemolysis in herditary spherocytosis occure
Spleen
Spleen removal will lead to decreased bili gallstones, jaundice, and improved anemia
Most likely maliganancy in Myasthenia Gravis
60-70% have hyperplstic thymic tissue
10-20% have Thymoma
most likely malignancy for eaton Lamburg
Lung Cancer
What kind of gene is RB
RB is tumor supressor
Chromosome 13
First line treatment for pheochromocytoma
Phenoxybenzamine - long acting alpha blocker
Beta Blocker alone leads to HTN crisis
If a premature baby has a brain bleed, what bleed is it
Germinal Matrix Hemmorrhag
Germinal matrix is part of developing brain, involutes by week 28, very weak and bleds easily
Amiodarone Drug Reactions
Class 3 K Blocker
Hypo/Hyper- thyroid
Photosensativity
Pulm Fibrosis
*P450 Inhibitor
Why does Aspirin INtolerance Asthma happen
Dysregulation of Arachodonic Acid pathway
Too much AA gets pushed down Leuktriene pathway instead –> Inflamation/asthma
What happens to heart rate with nitrates
NItrates venodilate–> decrease preload–> reduces SV–> increases heart rate
What does parathyroid hormone do
Increases serum calcium
Decreases erum PO4
This is the end organ resistance to PTH
AD condition with short stature and short fingers
Albright Osteodystrophy
Labs show:
Inc Phos, PHT
Dec Ca
What is Allelic Heterogeneity
Different Mutations IN THE SAME GENE leading to a similar phenotype
What is Polygenic
Mutations at different genes leading to a similar phenotype
In Maple Syrup Urine disease, what can pts not break down
Leucine
Valine
IsoLuecine
(I Love Vermont maple syrup)
What cell type makes androgen binding protein
Sertoli
Helps maitain high testosterone for sperm making
What receptor type does insulin use
Tyrosine Kinase
What receptor does Glucagon and Epinephrine use
Gs
If you have a PE, what will your PCO2 look like
PE–> V/Q mismatch–> Hypoxemia–> reflex HYPERventalation–> decreased CO2–> Resp Alk
What kind of penetrance does neurofibromatosis have
100% Penetrance
Variable Expresivity
Is red man syndrome from IgE
NO
It is not an allergic side effcect
Can be prevented by SLOWER infusion rate of vancomycin, which keeps blood histamine lower
