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UWorld journal > U World Assesment 1 > Flashcards

U World Assesment 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Recent trauma, white looking lung (pulm opaciety) with normal sized heart

A

could be ARDS

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2
Q

What is the cause of ARDS

A

injury to pneumocytes and pulmanry endothilum

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3
Q

What does DM nephropathy look like

A

Mesangial Expansion
Basement membrane thickining
Glomerular Sclerosis

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4
Q

Speed of conduction through the heart

A

Fastest- Perkingie (in ventricles) -> Atria -> Ventricles-> AV node (R atria) -Slowest

Park AT Ventricular AVenue

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5
Q

Heart Conduction Pathyway

A

SA (atria) –> AV (tricuspid)–> Bundle of his–> L/R Bundle Branch –> Perkingie–> Vent. Muscle

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6
Q

Tumor most often seen in Paget of bone

A

Osteosarcoma

“periosteal elevation” or Sun Burst Pattern

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7
Q

What do Proteases cleave

A

Protein tagged with ubiquitin

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8
Q

A “Ladder” of DNA on gel electropheisis

A

Apoptosis- Cleaves DNA into 180 base pairr bits, leading to equal ladder aperence on gel

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9
Q

What is pheostigmine

A

cholinesterase inhibitor

aka increases AcH

Atropine will reverse its effect

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10
Q

Side effects of Atropine

A 
Hot as a hare ( increased body temp) 
Dry as a bone (dry mouth, skin, etc) 
Red as a beet (flushed) 
Blind as a bat ( cycloplegia) 
Mad as a hatter (AMS)

Jimson weed is drug of abuse that will also lead to this (acts same as atropine)

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11
Q

Why does atropine increase body temp

A

decreased sweating

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12
Q

Achondroplasia demonstrates what kind of penetrance

A

complete penetrance

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13
Q

Translocation for Burkitt Lymphoma

A

t(8:14)

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14
Q

CML translocation

A

t (9:22)

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15
Q

ALL translocation

A

t (12:21)

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16
Q

Follicular lymphoma translocation

A

t (14:18)

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17
Q

Which disease shows auer rods

A

APML

t( 15:17)

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18
Q

What does IL 2 do

A

made by T CELL

Stimulates growth of T, B, NK, Mac cells

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19
Q

A calcuim dependant adhesion molecule that binds epithilial cells together

A

Cadherin

20
Q

Defense Sublimation

A

Channeling impulse into a sociatly GOOD thiing

*Mature

21
Q

How does ligand binding to a TK receptor work

A

TK receptor dimerizes and exposes the active site

22
Q

Nasal septum perferation is probably

A

Substance Abuse most likely cocain mediated by vasoconstriction

23
Q

How long does an Acute Stress disorder go on for to start being called PTSD

A

ASD is over 3 days, less than 1 month

After 1 month, the symptoms are called PTSD

24
Q

Schizophrenic Symptoms lasting LESS than 6 months is called

A

Schizophreniform

25
Q

What are the 2 labs that evaluate a pleural effeusion (lights criteria)

A

Protein (high in exudate/ infection)

LDH (high in transudate/ CHF)

26
Q

Primary Test for Herditary Spherocytosis

A

Osmotic fraglity

Low OSM–> More hemolysis (vs control)

27
Q

Where does hemolysis in herditary spherocytosis occure

A

Spleen

Spleen removal will lead to decreased bili gallstones, jaundice, and improved anemia

28
Q

Most likely maliganancy in Myasthenia Gravis

A

60-70% have hyperplstic thymic tissue

10-20% have Thymoma

29
Q

most likely malignancy for eaton Lamburg

A

Lung Cancer

30
Q

What kind of gene is RB

A

RB is tumor supressor

Chromosome 13

31
Q

First line treatment for pheochromocytoma

A

Phenoxybenzamine - long acting alpha blocker

Beta Blocker alone leads to HTN crisis

32
Q

If a premature baby has a brain bleed, what bleed is it

A

Germinal Matrix Hemmorrhag

Germinal matrix is part of developing brain, involutes by week 28, very weak and bleds easily

33
Q

Amiodarone Drug Reactions

A

Class 3 K Blocker

Hypo/Hyper- thyroid
Photosensativity
Pulm Fibrosis

*P450 Inhibitor

34
Q

Why does Aspirin INtolerance Asthma happen

A

Dysregulation of Arachodonic Acid pathway

Too much AA gets pushed down Leuktriene pathway instead –> Inflamation/asthma

35
Q

What happens to heart rate with nitrates

A

NItrates venodilate–> decrease preload–> reduces SV–> increases heart rate

36
Q

What does parathyroid hormone do

A

Increases serum calcium

Decreases erum PO4

37
Q

This is the end organ resistance to PTH

AD condition with short stature and short fingers

A

Albright Osteodystrophy

Labs show:
Inc Phos, PHT
Dec Ca

38
Q

What is Allelic Heterogeneity

A

Different Mutations IN THE SAME GENE leading to a similar phenotype

39
Q

What is Polygenic

A

Mutations at different genes leading to a similar phenotype

40
Q

In Maple Syrup Urine disease, what can pts not break down

A

Leucine
Valine
IsoLuecine

(I Love Vermont maple syrup)

41
Q

What cell type makes androgen binding protein

A

Sertoli

Helps maitain high testosterone for sperm making

42
Q

What receptor type does insulin use

A

Tyrosine Kinase

43
Q

What receptor does Glucagon and Epinephrine use

A

Gs

44
Q

If you have a PE, what will your PCO2 look like

A

PE–> V/Q mismatch–> Hypoxemia–> reflex HYPERventalation–> decreased CO2–> Resp Alk

45
Q

What kind of penetrance does neurofibromatosis have

A

100% Penetrance

Variable Expresivity

46
Q

Is red man syndrome from IgE

A

NO
It is not an allergic side effcect

Can be prevented by SLOWER infusion rate of vancomycin, which keeps blood histamine lower

UWorld journal (51 decks)

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