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UWorld journal > Neuro 2 > Flashcards

Neuro 2 Flashcards

1
Q

excessive anxiety and preoccupation with symptoms

A

Somatic Symptom disorder

must have more than 1 symptom that is unexplained

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2
Q

No symptoms but constant concern and fear of having a serious illness

A

Illness anxiety disorder

anxious about illness

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3
Q

Neurologic symptoms w/o matching any known neurologic disease

A

Conversion disorder

-That crazy young nursing home lady crawling and meowing, she was clearly sick but it didnt match any known disease

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4
Q

Wanting attention from being sick, so faking sick

A

factious disorder

-Faking the facts, but its not hurting anyone

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5
Q

Faking being sick for a secondary gain other than attention

A

Mallingering

-the DDx name sounds like a crime, and this is like a crime

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6
Q

What is an organophosphate

A

decreases the degradation of Ach
therefore, ↑ Ach, and ↑ M + N stimulation

Atropine can only help with the M part

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7
Q

What medicine can reverse the M and N overdose effect of organophosphate poisoning

A

PraLIDoxime

The garbage LID closing near the fumes in sketchy

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8
Q

I cant stress this enough, know your cosros

A

COS3ROSI2J3H for CN exit

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9
Q

1- What forearm muscle does the radial nerve pierce through

2- where on hand is radial nerve

A

1- Supinator

2- superficial radial nerve is posterior thumb (exactly where your jean button scar is)

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10
Q

What do most patients with myasthenia gravis have

A

Thymoma or thymic hyperplasia

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11
Q

What does a regenerating neuron look like

A

Swelling of the cell body, nucleus moves to periphery, nissl substance disperses

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12
Q

What is the primary cause of lacunar infarct

A

chronic htn –> htn arteriosclerosis of small penetrating vessels

these are small ischemic infarcts involving deep brain structures

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13
Q

How does phenelzine work

A

irreversibly binds MAO A and B

if switching from this drug to another non MAOi antidepressant, must wait 2 weeks to regenerate MAO

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14
Q

What is dysthymia

A

persistent depressive disorder

chronic depression for > 2 years, + 2 depressive symptoms > 2 years

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15
Q

Why does vitamin E have nerve issues

A

Vit E = antioxidant

w/o E free radical damage of cells

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16
Q

What does Vit E nerve problem resemble

A

Friedreich ataxia

Vit B12 deficiency

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17
Q

What is a glioblastoma made out of

A

astrocytes

very malig, necrotic
may cross midline-butterfly glioma

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18
Q

What gives rise to the phrenic nerve

A

C3-C5

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19
Q

What is prion disease

A

a helix–> beta sheet and accumulates

“spongiform encephalopathy”
no inflammation

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20
Q

paraneoplastic syndrome/ cancer

cushing

A

small cell lung
pancreatic
tumor making acth

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21
Q

paraneoplastic syndrome/ cancer

SIADH

A

small cell lung

too much vasopressin

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22
Q

paraneoplastic syndrome/ cancer

Lambert Eaton

A

small cell

23
Q

paraneoplastic syndrome/ cancer

myastinia gravis

A

thymoma

24
Q

paraneoplastic syndrome/ cancer

Hypercalcemia

A

squamous lung

25
Q

paraneoplastic syndrome/ cancer

erythrocytosis

A

renal cell

26
Q

paraneoplastic syndrome/ cancer

variable/ autoimmune

A

variable cancer–> dermato/polymyositis

27
Q

What urinary symptoms are common for MS

A

spastic bladder (hypertonia) after developing spinal cord lesions

28
Q

What are the side effects of Li

A

DI
HYPOthyroid
tremor

29
Q

What vision changes occur with posterior cerebral artery occlusion

A

Contralateral Homonymous w/ macular sparing (the little center dot is spared)

30
Q

What is the presentation of a pinealoma

A

Tumor of pineal gland
Parinaud syndrome (compression–> gaze palsy)
Obstructive Hydrocephalus
Can make HCG–> vomiting

31
Q

Where does the spine have the sympathetic butterfly spike thing

A

Thoracic Cord

32
Q

What is the main mechanism of most urinary stones

A

Urine hypersaturation

Therefor the best/ only advice really for stone prevention is ↑ ↑ water intake

33
Q

What kind of drug is Ramelteon

A

melatonin agonist

34
Q

What are the 5 symptoms of schizophrenia and how many/how long for ddx

A

Must have at least one of:
delusion
hallucination
Disorganized speech

Plus:
disorganized behavior
negative symptoms

need 2 symptoms for > 6 months (1 month of + s/s)

35
Q

What does an Ace inhibitor do to a kidney

A

efferent arteriole dilation –> ↓ glom pressure and filtration

esp/ bad if renal artery has stenosis

36
Q

What does a diabetic kidney disease look like

A

progressive proteinuria–> nephrOTIC

Hyaline arteriosclerosis/ nodular glomerulosclerosis

37
Q

What is the most dangerous side effect of manitol

A

pulm edema from rapidly increased volume messing up the lungs hydrostatic pressures

38
Q

What kind of drug is chlordiazepoxide

A

its a benzo

39
Q

What does the good pasture autoantibody react against

A

Collagen 4 (basement floor)

40
Q

Where is the lowest osmolarity located in the nephron

A

DCT

41
Q

What is a flame hemorrhage

A

malignant htn–> htn retinopathy–> flame hemorrhage

42
Q

How is digoxin eliminated/ why do you care

A

kidneys
old people have slow kidneys and use it
So, more likely to have s/e of NV and visual abnormalities

43
Q

This activates GABA at the spinal card, and helps with muscle spasm

A

BacloFen

Fun for the BACk

44
Q

What is the general blood state of nephrotic syndrome

A

Hypercoagulable- often form loss of antithrombin 3

45
Q

How buspirone work

A

stimulates 5ht receptors

46
Q

This disease has IgG4 vs phospholipase A2

A

Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy

47
Q

What is/ how do you treat status epilepticus

A

Benzodiazepines

status epilepticus- continuous recurrent sz over 5 min. May lead to brain death

48
Q

What is the nerve for eyes pnemonic thing

A

SO4

LR6

49
Q

What causes vitaligo

A

loss of epidermal melanocyte

50
Q

What is the management for somatic symptom disorder

A

schedule regular visits with the same provider with the focus of functional improvement

psch consult can happen AFTER the pt accepts they have a mental condition

Do not order more tests

51
Q

What is generally first affected by global ischemia

A

1- hippocampus

also, neocortex and purkinje cells of cerebellum

52
Q

What is chronic tic disorder

A

motor or verbal tic that goes on for over a year

it is only ONE kind of tic (motor or verbal)

53
Q

What is tourette disorder

A

characterized by multiple tics (one must be verbal)

UWorld journal (51 decks)

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