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UWorld journal > Rheum > Flashcards

Rheum Flashcards

1
Q

What do intigrins do

A

Enable leuks to exit blood stream
Absent in leukocyte deficiency–
Will have delayed umbilical cord detachment

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2
Q

What is the main function if PTH

A

Increase bone reabsorbtion aka increase ca

Phosphate is decreased in serum (put out in urine)

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3
Q

What does pth act on

A

Osteoblasts, which increase rank, which matures osteoclasts

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4
Q

What can block rank and why do you care

A

Osteoprogesterin blocks rank

When estrogen gets low, osteoprogesterin gets low, clasts over activate, and…

OSTEOPOROSIS occurs

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5
Q

Gram negative oxidase positive rod causing itchy rash

A

Psuedmona

Hot tub folliculitis

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6
Q

Blue black deposits on sclera and ear with joint pain

A

Alkaptonuria

Also urine turns black in the sun

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7
Q

What does fibrillin do

A

Glycoprotein scaffold for elastin

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8
Q

What are the typical lab values for osteoporosis

A

Totally normal ca, phos, and PTH

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9
Q

What mediates muscle tone in nervous system

A

Golgi tendon organ

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10
Q

What is linked to drug induced lupus

A

Drugs metabolized by acetylation

Ex: INH

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11
Q

Rhomboid crystals with knee pain

A

Psueodo gout

Crystal made up of calcium pyro phosphate w/ + bifringence

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12
Q

What is the first line treatment for gout

A

NSAID

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13
Q

What drug do you NOT give DURING a gout attack

A

Uric acid lowering drugs

Ex: xanthine oxidase inhibitor

These PREVENT gout but make active gout worse

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14
Q

What do gout needles look like?

A

Needle shaped

Negative bifringence

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15
Q

Remembering the contraction of muscle bands

A

HIZ shrinkage (these shorten)

A band is Always the same length

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16
Q

Problems with umbilical cord detachment and recurrent skin infections w/I puss

A

Leukocyte adhesion deficiency
AR
No CD18 , no intigrins

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17
Q

What is the MOST important factor for osteoporosis

A

Genetics

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18
Q

Proximal muscle weakness

Over expression MHC 1 on sacrolema

A

Polymyositis

Cd8 infiltration leads to myocyte damage

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19
Q

This auto antibody is the most specific for RA

A

Citralunated peptide

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20
Q

A patient with cancer and high serum calcium likely has what elevated?

A

Parathyroid hormone related protein.

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21
Q

Reparative kneeling may lead to what?

A

Pre patellar bursa

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22
Q

What allows the binding of myosin to actin?

A

Calcium binding to troponin c

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23
Q

inhibits neutrophil motility and activity, leading to a net anti-inflammatory effect. This has proven useful in the treatment of acute gout flares.

A

Colchacine

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24
Q

What biopsy is characteristic of polyarteritis nodosa

A

Multisystem involvement with biopsy showing transmural inflammation of arterial walls with fibrinoid necrosis.

Small and medium vessels.

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25
Q

Do psgn and acute rhematic fever usually happen together

A

No.

If arf is present, most likely the complication will be pancarditis

Mitral stenosis occurs years after original illness

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26
Q

Define Parkinson’s cogwheel rigidity

A

Passive movement has ratchet like resistance

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27
Q

Joint problems that arise with a myloprofilferative disorder (ie polycythemia vera)

A

Gout

Myloprofilferative disorder has increased irate production

28
Q

What is seen in mitochondrial myopiathies

A

Red ragged fibers

29
Q

What is a first line treatment for RA

A

Methotrexate

30
Q

What are pth levels like in sarcoidosis

A

Low

Sarcoidosis has vit d activation by macs which increases ca absorption

31
Q

What medicine is structurally similar to pyrophosphate

A

Bisphosphonate

32
Q

Half of the patients with lambert eaton also have this?

A

Malignancy

Classically small cell carcinoma

33
Q

What muscle controls external shoulder rotation in the cuff

A

Infraspinatus

34
Q

Classic autoantibody in polymyositis

A

Anti jo 1

antibody is directed against the histidyl-tRNA synthetase

Anti nuclear (very easy to confuse with SLE)

35
Q

Does an LP help you determine if there is osteomyolitis

A

No

Get an MRI

36
Q

The suffix cept for Rx will clue you in for

A

A receptor molecule

37
Q

The nib in a drug name clues you in for

A

Kinase inhibitor

38
Q

Anti mitochondria antibody indicates

A

Primary biliary sclerosis

39
Q

Anti cyclic citrulated antibody is

A

RA

40
Q

Lab finding for ACTIVE SLE attack

A

Reduced complement (due to immune complex deposition in organs)

Also weirdly they can have a hard palate ulcer

41
Q

Define a contracture

A

a condition of shortening and hardening of muscles, tendons, or other tissue, often leading to deformity and rigidity of joints.

Excess matrix metaloproteins

42
Q

What is a t tube

A

Part of sarcolema

Allows cordoninated contraction

43
Q

What kind of signaling does RANK do

A

Rank signals NFKB to osteoclasts precursor

44
Q

What is succinylcholine

A

Fast acting depolerizing Neuromusclual block

45
Q

What kind of block is pancuronium

A

Non depolerizing block.

46
Q

How do you reverse a nondepolerizing NMH block

A

Neostigmine

47
Q

Examination showing tenderness in snuff box

A

Scaphoid fx

Risk of a vascular necrosis

48
Q

Why bone problems do ppis lead to

A

Ppi decreases stomach acid

Calcium doesn’t absorb

Osteoporosis may occure

49
Q

Will the medial lymph system of the leg drain to the popliteal

A

No.

Medial runs from medial foot to superficial inguinal nodes

50
Q

Where would a lesion be if popliteal and superficial inguinal lymphs are big

A

Lateral leg

51
Q

Having a rash + muscle weakness is

A

Dermatomyositis

52
Q

What is the other name for churge straus + what s/s

A

Eosinophilic Granulomatis with polyangitis

Late onset asthma**
Other “allergy” type stuff
Medium sized vasculitis
Panca (ab vs pmn myeloperoxidase)

53
Q

Osteoporosis can be promoted by what simple drug class

A

Glucocorticoid

Also ppi

54
Q

Abusing anabolic steroids might lead to this skin finding

A

Acne

55
Q

What is etanercept a decoy for

A

Tnf a

56
Q

Diffuse muscle pain ontop of giant cell arteritis is known as

A

Polymyalgia rhematica

57
Q

Which nerve is anterior and lateral on the elbow

A

Radial

58
Q

What nerve is anterior and medial on the elbow

A

Median

59
Q

If RA were to affect the spine, which region would it be

A

Cervical

60
Q

b/c of PUD, a gout pt cannot use NSAID as first line rx. Now what?

A

colchicine

inhibits microtubule polymerization

61
Q

Besides your abs, what m helps you go from supine to sitting w/o using hands

A

Psoas major

62
Q

What ligament is damaged in nursemaids elbow

A

Annular ligament

nursemaid= radial head subluxation

63
Q

What is the halmark of rickets histology

A

increase in unmineralized osteoid matrix

64
Q

What is the primary vessel messed up for femoral head osteonecrosis

A

medial circulflex

65
Q

What is Denosumab

A

RANK L inhibitor

UWorld journal (51 decks)

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