General sciences

Question 1

What does lead directly inhibit

Answer 1

delta aminolevulinic acid

Ferrochelatase

S/s: neurotoxicity, anemia, and ZN in place of FE I’m portoporferin

Question 2

What is the function of IL 10

Answer 2

Inhibits th1

Reduced mhc2

Suppresses apcs

Question 3

This helps package DNA up tightly without joining the histone core

Answer 3

H1

Other Hs are wrapped up in DNA

Question 4

What makes major basic protein

Answer 4

Eos

Is the immune response to helmiths

Question 5

What do basophils contain

Answer 5

Granules

-Heparin
-Histamine
Leukotrienes made on demand

Question 6

What do basophils do

Answer 6

mediate allergic reaction

Question 7

any of a group of biologically active compounds, originally isolated from leukocytes. They are metabolites of arachidonic acid, containing three conjugated double bonds.

Answer 7

Leukotriene

Question 8

This drug is for the cray crays and is the only partial D2 agonist

Answer 8

Aripiprazole

atypical antipsychotic

Question 9

What on ENDOTHELIAL cells allows for chemotaxis

Answer 9

Intercellular adhesion molecule 1

Integrin

Question 10

membrane proteins that maintain
integrity of basolateral membrane by binding
to collagen and laminin in basement membrane

Answer 10

Integrin

Question 11

What does a prostacyclin do

Answer 11

↓ platelet aggregation

↓ vascular tone

Question 12

Periodic acid–Schiff stains?

Answer 12

Gycogen

PaS the sugar

Question 13

Kidney– annoying stuff that happens to kids

Answer 13

PSGN- nephritic

Minimal change disease

Question 14

What is the function of a proteasome

Answer 14

Degraded proteins

Can degrade viral proteins to express on MHC 1

Question 15

What does a lysosome do

Answer 15

Organelle containing acid

Degrades fatty acid, protein, nucleic acid, and carbs

Question 16

Dysfunction of lysosome is called

Answer 16

Mucopolysaccharidoses

Question 17

When does a ribosome attach to the ER

Answer 17

when the protein it is making is meant for secretion, membranes, etc

ribosome will not go to ER if the protein is meant to stay in the cytosol

Question 18

What is an enhancer (genetics)

Answer 18

Helps increase gene activity

can be located kinda anywhere

NOT a promoter which is 25-75 upstream

Question 19

What is the opposite of an enhancer

Answer 19

a silencer

Question 20

What is GPCR

Answer 20

A large family of 7 transmembrane domaine receptors that activate intracellular 2nd messenger systems

2 pathways: cAMP signalling, and Phosphatidly signalling

Question 21

What happens if you activate Gq a subunit

Answer 21

Phophatidylinositol pathway

Gq a–> activates Phospholipase C–> degraded lipid membranes into DAG and IP3

DAG–> activates Protiein Kinase C

IP3–> releases Ca

Question 22

During catabolism of protein into glutamate (to ultimately make glucose), amino groups are transferred to

Answer 22

a-ketoglutamate

Question 23

Ultimately, what is the end result of the Jak/STAT path

Answer 23

JAK activates the cytoplasmic transcription factor STAT to promote gene transcription

Therefor, growth stuff tends to use this path (GH, Epo, etc)

Question 24

What tissues predominatliy make alkaline phosphotase

Answer 24

Bone and Liver

hepatic y- glatamyl transpeptidase test is not in bone, and helps tell disease between bone and liver apart (if alk phos is elevate)