Random sauce who cares Flashcards
1- recently sick
2- palpable purpura/ arthralgia
Henoch Scholein Purpura - most common vasculitis in children
IgA deposites in blood vessels- Type 3 hypersenstaivty
How do you treat someone who overdosed on beta blockers
Glucagon
What activates the extrinsic pathway of apoptosis
Fas Receptor
What is an important driver in Temporal Arteritis
IL 6
Tocilizumab is vs IL6 and can help
What is wrong is collagen type 1 is messed up
Osteogensis imperfecta
type 1= bone
What is wrong if Collagen 3 is messed up
Ehlers danlos
What is wrong if collagen 4 is messed up
Alport
type 4= makes the floor (basement membrane)
What does collagen type 2 make
car-TWO-lage
This is a genetic defect in the Helicase enzyme
Bloom Syndrome
BLM gene
Bloom syndrome symptoms
↓ Growth
Immunodeficiency
Photosensitive skin rash
Helicase defect
What blood supplys the left ventricle
Posterior Descending Artery
in 80-90% of people, this vessel comes from the Right Coronary artery
What causes Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
An aquired mutation in myeloid stem cell –> no GPI anchors
No GPI–> No CD55–> complement lysis the RBCs
(Cd55 usually inhibits complement)
What metobolic steps require thiamine as a cofactor
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase
a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase
What is winters formula
PaCo2= [1.5*Hco3] + 8 (ish)
WHat does calcineurin do
Activates Il2–> promotes T cell growth
What is wiskott aldrich syndrome
Triad of eczema
thrombocytopenia
B and T cell immunodeficiency
What chemo causes hemoragic cystits and how do you prevent it
Cyclophosphomide casues it
Mesna helps
What is at least 1 reason people get methemoglobin
Nitrateexposure
changes Fe 2 and Fe 3
What is a red neuron
they are eosiniophilic
Loss of Nissle substance
Happens about 12-24 hours after cerebral insult
How long does a glial scar take to form
> 2 weeks, usually a month
How long does liquefactive necrosis happen
Starts 1 week after brain injury–> lasts ~1 mo
______ is the payment structure underlying HMO
Capitation
payor pays a fixed amount to provide any services to their group
What are some common mutations for spherocytosis
Spectrin
Ankryin
Band 3
protein 4.2
What causes acute intermittent porphyria
deficiency of
uroporphyrinogen I synthase
What causes thrombotic thrombotocytopenic purpura
AB vs ADAMS13
ADAMS13 degrades vWF to the proper size
in general, how may blasts in marrow do you need to call something acute leukemia
over 20% blasts
What are reed sternberg cells positive for
CD 15 and CD 30
This presents similar to multiple myeloma but has lots of IgM
Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia
This tumor drug prevents microtubule disassembly
Taxanes
ex: paclitaxal
What is the treatment for CML from a 9:22
Imatinib / gleevac
Chronic rejection of lung transpants is a big problem. WHat does it look like
Affects the small airways causing bronciolitis obliterans
Lymph infiltrates, fibrosis
WHats up with common cardinal veins
in embryo these drinind into sinous venousis
they eventually give rise to SVC
if you have a “gene problem” and you see that the base pair number vs control is not divisible by 3, what does that mean?
Prolly a frame shift mutation
What is a nonsense mutation
introduction of a stop codon
what is a missense mutation
Base pair substitution
What are the two most important opsonins
IgG
C3b
C3b binds bacteria
What does C5a do
PMN chemotaxis
What are some things that do PMN chemotaxis
leukotriene b4
c5a
il 8
This is when coronary vasodilation allows for blood flow to be reduced in ischemic areas, and it is a bad thing
Coronary steal
Adenosine and dipyridamole can do it
