Random sauce who cares

Question 1

1- recently sick

2- palpable purpura/ arthralgia

Answer 1

Henoch Scholein Purpura - most common vasculitis in children

IgA deposites in blood vessels- Type 3 hypersenstaivty

Question 2

How do you treat someone who overdosed on beta blockers

Answer 2

Glucagon

Question 3

What activates the extrinsic pathway of apoptosis

Answer 3

Fas Receptor

Question 4

What is an important driver in Temporal Arteritis

Answer 4

IL 6

Tocilizumab is vs IL6 and can help

Question 5

What is wrong is collagen type 1 is messed up

Answer 5

Osteogensis imperfecta

type 1= bone

Question 6

What is wrong if Collagen 3 is messed up

Answer 6

Ehlers danlos

Question 7

What is wrong if collagen 4 is messed up

Answer 7

Alport

type 4= makes the floor (basement membrane)

Question 8

What does collagen type 2 make

Answer 8

car-TWO-lage

Question 9

This is a genetic defect in the Helicase enzyme

Answer 9

Bloom Syndrome

BLM gene

Question 10

Bloom syndrome symptoms

Answer 10

↓ Growth
Immunodeficiency
Photosensitive skin rash

Helicase defect

Question 11

What blood supplys the left ventricle

Answer 11

Posterior Descending Artery

in 80-90% of people, this vessel comes from the Right Coronary artery

Question 12

What causes Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria

Answer 12

An aquired mutation in myeloid stem cell –> no GPI anchors

No GPI–> No CD55–> complement lysis the RBCs

(Cd55 usually inhibits complement)

Question 13

What metobolic steps require thiamine as a cofactor

Answer 13

Pyruvate Dehydrogenase

a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase

Question 14

What is winters formula

Answer 14

PaCo2= [1.5*Hco3] + 8 (ish)

Question 15

WHat does calcineurin do

Answer 15

Activates Il2–> promotes T cell growth

Question 16

What is wiskott aldrich syndrome

Answer 16

Triad of eczema
thrombocytopenia
B and T cell immunodeficiency

Question 17

What chemo causes hemoragic cystits and how do you prevent it

Answer 17

Cyclophosphomide casues it

Mesna helps

Question 18

What is at least 1 reason people get methemoglobin

Answer 18

Nitrateexposure

changes Fe 2 and Fe 3

Question 19

What is a red neuron

Answer 19

they are eosiniophilic
Loss of Nissle substance
Happens about 12-24 hours after cerebral insult

Question 20

How long does a glial scar take to form

Answer 20

> 2 weeks, usually a month

Question 21

How long does liquefactive necrosis happen

Answer 21

Starts 1 week after brain injury–> lasts ~1 mo

Question 22

______ is the payment structure underlying HMO

Answer 22

Capitation

payor pays a fixed amount to provide any services to their group

Question 23

What are some common mutations for spherocytosis

Answer 23

Spectrin
Ankryin
Band 3
protein 4.2

Question 24

What causes acute intermittent porphyria

Answer 24

deficiency of

uroporphyrinogen I synthase

Question 25

What causes thrombotic thrombotocytopenic purpura

Answer 25

AB vs ADAMS13

ADAMS13 degrades vWF to the proper size

Question 26

in general, how may blasts in marrow do you need to call something acute leukemia

Answer 26

over 20% blasts

Question 27

What are reed sternberg cells positive for

Answer 27

CD 15 and CD 30

Question 28

This presents similar to multiple myeloma but has lots of IgM

Answer 28

Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia

Question 29

This tumor drug prevents microtubule disassembly

Answer 29

Taxanes

ex: paclitaxal

Question 30

What is the treatment for CML from a 9:22

Answer 30

Imatinib / gleevac

Question 31

Chronic rejection of lung transpants is a big problem. WHat does it look like

Answer 31

Affects the small airways causing bronciolitis obliterans

Lymph infiltrates, fibrosis

Question 32

WHats up with common cardinal veins

Answer 32

in embryo these drinind into sinous venousis

they eventually give rise to SVC

Question 33

if you have a “gene problem” and you see that the base pair number vs control is not divisible by 3, what does that mean?

Answer 33

Prolly a frame shift mutation

Question 34

What is a nonsense mutation

Answer 34

introduction of a stop codon

Question 35

what is a missense mutation

Answer 35

Base pair substitution

Question 36

What are the two most important opsonins

Answer 36

IgG
C3b

C3b binds bacteria

Question 37

What does C5a do

Answer 37

PMN chemotaxis

Question 38

What are some things that do PMN chemotaxis

Answer 38

leukotriene b4
c5a
il 8

Question 39

This is when coronary vasodilation allows for blood flow to be reduced in ischemic areas, and it is a bad thing

Answer 39

Coronary steal

Adenosine and dipyridamole can do it