Random sauce who cares Flashcards

1
Q

1- recently sick

2- palpable purpura/ arthralgia

A

Henoch Scholein Purpura - most common vasculitis in children

IgA deposites in blood vessels- Type 3 hypersenstaivty

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2
Q

How do you treat someone who overdosed on beta blockers

A

Glucagon

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3
Q

What activates the extrinsic pathway of apoptosis

A

Fas Receptor

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4
Q

What is an important driver in Temporal Arteritis

A

IL 6

Tocilizumab is vs IL6 and can help

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5
Q

What is wrong is collagen type 1 is messed up

A

Osteogensis imperfecta

type 1= bone

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6
Q

What is wrong if Collagen 3 is messed up

A

Ehlers danlos

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7
Q

What is wrong if collagen 4 is messed up

A

Alport

type 4= makes the floor (basement membrane)

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8
Q

What does collagen type 2 make

A

car-TWO-lage

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9
Q

This is a genetic defect in the Helicase enzyme

A

Bloom Syndrome

BLM gene

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10
Q

Bloom syndrome symptoms

A

↓ Growth
Immunodeficiency
Photosensitive skin rash

Helicase defect

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11
Q

What blood supplys the left ventricle

A

Posterior Descending Artery

in 80-90% of people, this vessel comes from the Right Coronary artery

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12
Q

What causes Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria

A

An aquired mutation in myeloid stem cell –> no GPI anchors

No GPI–> No CD55–> complement lysis the RBCs

(Cd55 usually inhibits complement)

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13
Q

What metobolic steps require thiamine as a cofactor

A

Pyruvate Dehydrogenase

a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase

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14
Q

What is winters formula

A

PaCo2= [1.5*Hco3] + 8 (ish)

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15
Q

WHat does calcineurin do

A

Activates Il2–> promotes T cell growth

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16
Q

What is wiskott aldrich syndrome

A

Triad of eczema
thrombocytopenia
B and T cell immunodeficiency

17
Q

What chemo causes hemoragic cystits and how do you prevent it

A

Cyclophosphomide casues it

Mesna helps

18
Q

What is at least 1 reason people get methemoglobin

A

Nitrateexposure

changes Fe 2 and Fe 3

19
Q

What is a red neuron

A

they are eosiniophilic
Loss of Nissle substance
Happens about 12-24 hours after cerebral insult

20
Q

How long does a glial scar take to form

A

> 2 weeks, usually a month

21
Q

How long does liquefactive necrosis happen

A

Starts 1 week after brain injury–> lasts ~1 mo

22
Q

______ is the payment structure underlying HMO

A

Capitation

payor pays a fixed amount to provide any services to their group

23
Q

What are some common mutations for spherocytosis

A

Spectrin
Ankryin
Band 3
protein 4.2

24
Q

What causes acute intermittent porphyria

A

deficiency of

uroporphyrinogen I synthase

25
What causes thrombotic thrombotocytopenic purpura
AB vs ADAMS13 ADAMS13 degrades vWF to the proper size
26
in general, how may blasts in marrow do you need to call something acute leukemia
over 20% blasts
27
What are reed sternberg cells positive for
CD 15 and CD 30
28
This presents similar to multiple myeloma but has lots of IgM
Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia
29
This tumor drug prevents microtubule disassembly
Taxanes | ex: paclitaxal
30
What is the treatment for CML from a 9:22
Imatinib / gleevac
31
Chronic rejection of lung transpants is a big problem. WHat does it look like
Affects the small airways causing bronciolitis obliterans Lymph infiltrates, fibrosis
32
WHats up with common cardinal veins
in embryo these drinind into sinous venousis they eventually give rise to SVC
33
if you have a "gene problem" and you see that the base pair number vs control is not divisible by 3, what does that mean?
Prolly a frame shift mutation
34
What is a nonsense mutation
introduction of a stop codon
35
what is a missense mutation
Base pair substitution
36
What are the two most important opsonins
IgG C3b C3b binds bacteria
37
What does C5a do
PMN chemotaxis
38
What are some things that do PMN chemotaxis
leukotriene b4 c5a il 8
39
This is when coronary vasodilation allows for blood flow to be reduced in ischemic areas, and it is a bad thing
Coronary steal Adenosine and dipyridamole can do it