THERAPEUTICS

Question 1

List analgesics

Answer 1

aspirin
ibuprofen
paracetamol
carbamazepine

Question 2

when would you avoid prescribing aspirin or ibuprofen?

Answer 2

bleeding diathesis
GI ulceration
concurrent anticoagulant therapy
asthmatic pt may be allergic

Question 3

maximum dose of aspirin daily

Answer 3

4g

Question 4

maximum dose of ibuprofen daily

Answer 4

300-600mg x4

Question 5

what can overdose of paracetamol result in?

Answer 5

liver failure

Question 6

maximum dose of paracetamol daily

Answer 6

4g

Question 7

what type of medication if codiene?

Answer 7

opiod

Question 8

what type of drug is carbamazepine?

Answer 8

anticonvulsant - used as an analgesic

Question 9

what are the 2 major groups of anti-inflammatory drugs?

Answer 9

NSAIDs
corticosteroids

Question 10

give an example of a topical steroid

Answer 10

betamethasone

Question 11

give 2 examples of systemic steroids

Answer 11

prednisolone
dexamethasone

Question 12

give an example of an antidepressant drug which is also used for neuropathic pain

Answer 12

amitriptyline

Question 13

what type of pts should you avoid prescribing amitriptyline to?

Answer 13

diabetics
pregnant/ breastfeeding
epileptics

Question 14

what type of drugs can be used for short term control of anxiety and also the management of TMD?

Answer 14

benzodiazepines

Question 15

list 2 examples of benzodiazepines

Answer 15

diazepam
midazolam

Question 16

side effect of benzodiazepines

Answer 16

respiratory depression

Question 17

what is the main use of midazolam?

Answer 17

IV sedation

Question 18

what is the drug of choice for antibiotic prophylaxis against IE?

Answer 18

amoxicillin

Question 19

what is a side effect of amoxicillin? and for what conditions does it present in?

Answer 19

causes a rash in pts with glandular fever, leukaemia, HIV

Question 20

explain the problem of bacterial resistance and tetracyclines

Answer 20

likely to promote opportunistic infection with candida albicans, particularly when used topically

Question 21

what is the antibiotic of choice for chronic periodontal disease

Answer 21

doxycycline

Question 22

what is the antibiotic of choice for acute dental and oral infections?

Answer 22

metronidazole

Question 23

what is metronidazole not effective against?

Answer 23

aerobic bacteria

Question 24

what is the main fungal pathogen in the mouth?

Answer 24

candida albicans

Question 25

list 3 antifungals

Answer 25

nystatin fluconazole miconazole

Question 26

what antifungal is prescribed for angular cheillitis?

Answer 26

miconazole

Question 27

what antifungal is prescribed for severe mucosal candidosis?

Answer 27

fluconazole

Question 28

what viral condition is most often seen and treated by dentists?

Answer 28

herpes labialis

Question 29

list 2 antivirals

Answer 29

aciclovir penciclovir

Question 30

while warfarin is still used, list 3 newer NOACs

Answer 30

dabigatran apixaban rivaroxiban

Question 31

what is the difference between warfarin and NOACs?

Answer 31

INR does not need to be monitored for NOACs

Question 32

what may be advised for pts taking NOACs prior to dental xLA?

Answer 32

miss morning dose

Question 33

name the 2 new generations of antiplatelets that are alternatives to clopidogrel

Answer 33

prasugrel ticagrelor

Question 34

what drugs act on osteoclasts and reduce the rate of bone turnover?

Answer 34

bisphosphonates

Question 35

list 2 preparations of artificial saliva

Answer 35

glandosane saliva orthana

Question 36

pt on montelukast - what does this imply?

Answer 36

severe asthma

Question 37

what is phenytoin used for?

Answer 37

epilepsy

Question 38

phenytoin side effects?

Answer 38

gingival hyperplasia

Question 39

what is metformin used for?

Answer 39

DM type 2

Question 40

what drugs are anti-anginals and give 2 examples

Answer 40

nitrates isosorbide mononitrate - prevention of angina glyceryl trinitrate (GTN spray) - short acting

Question 41

give examples of B blockers and their action

Answer 41

bisoprolol/ propranolol/ atenolol - prevent increase in heart rate by reducing heart muscle excitability

Question 42

give 2 examples of anti platelets

Answer 42

aspirin clopidogrel

Question 43

give examples of calcium channel blockers and their action

Answer 43

amlodipine/ nifedipine/ verapamil vasodilation and reduction in heart rate

Question 44

examples of lipid lowering drugs

Answer 44

atorvastatin/ rosuvastatin/ simvastatin