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HUMAN DISEASE MOD 5 > THERAPEUTICS > Flashcards

THERAPEUTICS Flashcards

1
Q

List analgesics

A

aspirin
ibuprofen
paracetamol
carbamazepine

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2
Q

when would you avoid prescribing aspirin or ibuprofen?

A

bleeding diathesis
GI ulceration
concurrent anticoagulant therapy
asthmatic pt may be allergic

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3
Q

maximum dose of aspirin daily

A

4g

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4
Q

maximum dose of ibuprofen daily

A

300-600mg x4

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5
Q

what can overdose of paracetamol result in?

A

liver failure

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6
Q

maximum dose of paracetamol daily

A

4g

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7
Q

what type of medication if codiene?

A

opiod

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8
Q

what type of drug is carbamazepine?

A

anticonvulsant - used as an analgesic

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9
Q

what are the 2 major groups of anti-inflammatory drugs?

A

NSAIDs
corticosteroids

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10
Q

give an example of a topical steroid

A

betamethasone

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11
Q

give 2 examples of systemic steroids

A

prednisolone
dexamethasone

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12
Q

give an example of an antidepressant drug which is also used for neuropathic pain

A

amitriptyline

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13
Q

what type of pts should you avoid prescribing amitriptyline to?

A

diabetics
pregnant/ breastfeeding
epileptics

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14
Q

what type of drugs can be used for short term control of anxiety and also the management of TMD?

A

benzodiazepines

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15
Q

list 2 examples of benzodiazepines

A

diazepam
midazolam

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16
Q

side effect of benzodiazepines

A

respiratory depression

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17
Q

what is the main use of midazolam?

A

IV sedation

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18
Q

what is the drug of choice for antibiotic prophylaxis against IE?

A

amoxicillin

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19
Q

what is a side effect of amoxicillin? and for what conditions does it present in?

A

causes a rash in pts with glandular fever, leukaemia, HIV

20
Q

explain the problem of bacterial resistance and tetracyclines

A

likely to promote opportunistic infection with candida albicans, particularly when used topically

21
Q

what is the antibiotic of choice for chronic periodontal disease

A

doxycycline

22
Q

what is the antibiotic of choice for acute dental and oral infections?

A

metronidazole

23
Q

what is metronidazole not effective against?

A

aerobic bacteria

24
Q

what is the main fungal pathogen in the mouth?

A

candida albicans

25
Q

list 3 antifungals

A

nystatin
fluconazole
miconazole

26
Q

what antifungal is prescribed for angular cheillitis?

A

miconazole

27
Q

what antifungal is prescribed for severe mucosal candidosis?

A

fluconazole

28
Q

what viral condition is most often seen and treated by dentists?

A

herpes labialis

29
Q

list 2 antivirals

A

aciclovir
penciclovir

30
Q

while warfarin is still used, list 3 newer NOACs

A

dabigatran
apixaban
rivaroxiban

31
Q

what is the difference between warfarin and NOACs?

A

INR does not need to be monitored for NOACs

32
Q

what may be advised for pts taking NOACs prior to dental xLA?

A

miss morning dose

33
Q

name the 2 new generations of antiplatelets that are alternatives to clopidogrel

A

prasugrel
ticagrelor

34
Q

what drugs act on osteoclasts and reduce the rate of bone turnover?

A

bisphosphonates

35
Q

list 2 preparations of artificial saliva

A

glandosane
saliva orthana

36
Q

pt on montelukast - what does this imply?

A

severe asthma

37
Q

what is phenytoin used for?

A

epilepsy

38
Q

phenytoin side effects?

A

gingival hyperplasia

39
Q

what is metformin used for?

A

DM type 2

40
Q

what drugs are anti-anginals and give 2 examples

A

nitrates
isosorbide mononitrate - prevention of angina
glyceryl trinitrate (GTN spray) - short acting

41
Q

give examples of B blockers and their action

A

bisoprolol/ propranolol/ atenolol
- prevent increase in heart rate by reducing heart muscle excitability

42
Q

give 2 examples of anti platelets

A

aspirin
clopidogrel

43
Q

give examples of calcium channel blockers and their action

A

amlodipine/ nifedipine/ verapamil
vasodilation and reduction in heart rate

44
Q

examples of lipid lowering drugs

A

atorvastatin/ rosuvastatin/ simvastatin

45
Q
A

HUMAN DISEASE MOD 5 (54 decks)

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