RENAL OUTFLOW DISEASE Flashcards
UTI bacterial cause
E.coli
UTI predisposing factors
poor bladder emptying
low urinary flow rates
UTI symptoms
dysuria
urinary frequency
cloudy urine
offensive smelling urine
supra-pubic pain
UTI tx
increase fluid intake
antibiotics occasionally - trimethoprim, amoxicillin
cause of urinary tract obstruction
renal calculi in kidney/ bladder
what are kidney/ bladder stones made of
uric acid/ oxalate and calcium
tx for kidney/ bladder stones
lithotrypsy
benign prostatic hypertrophy symptoms
slow stream
hesitancy
frequency
urgency
nocturia
incomplete voiding
benign prostatic hypertrophy tx
a-blocking drugs
anticholinergics
diuretics
anticholinergic examples
atropine
benztropine
diuretics
reduce fluid build up
help kidneys with removal of salt and water through urine
prostate cancer screening
PSA blood test
mpMRI - early detection
what leads to hypoperfusion of kidney
shock or renal artery/ aorta disease
causes of renal failure
chronic disease
drug damage
trauma
rhabdomyolysis
what levels rise with renal failure
creatinine
signs of renal disease
anaemia
hypertension
renal bone disease; bone pain and fractures
symptoms of renal disease
polyuria
nocturia
tired and weak
nausea
glomerulonephritis
inflammation of kidneys due to immune response
what infection can cause glomerulonephritis
strep throat
what to drugs to avoid with renal disease
NSAIDS
tetracyclines
nephrotoxic drugs
cylosporin
renal cell carcinoma
abdominal mass and haematuria
transitional cell carcinoma
haematuria in bladder
haematuria
blood in bladder
types of renal dialysis
haemodialysis
peritoneal dialysis
how are renal transplants matched
HLA
risk from renal transplants
osteoporosis
immunosuppression
drugs used post transplant
azathrioprine
tacrolimus
cyclosporin
prednisilone
