CONGENTIAL HEART DISEASE

Question 1

Who should you suspect to have congenital heart defects?

Answer 1

Pt with ANY congenital defect (cleft lip/ palate), downs syndrome

Question 2

types of congenital heart defects

Answer 2

atrial septal defects
ventricular septal defects
patent ductus arteriosus
great vessel malformations

Question 3

What does finger clubbing indicate

Answer 3

Cardiac disease; congenital cyanotic heart disease, IE, atrial myxoma
Lung diseases; cancer, cystic fibrosis, bronchiectasis
IBD
Liver cirrhosis

Question 4

Cyanosis characteristic

Answer 4

5g/dl or more deoxygenated Hb in the blood

Question 5

Types of cyanosis

Answer 5

central - caused by congenital heart disease
peripheral - caused by cold environment

Question 6

central cyanosis presentation

Answer 6

warm tissues still blue - tongue

Question 7

peripheral cyanosis presentation

Answer 7

blue hands, fingertips and toes

Question 8

what type of cyanosis is Raynauds

Answer 8

peripheral

Question 9

congenital defects investigations

Answer 9

ultrasound - check blood location and direction

Question 10

types of septal defects

Answer 10

atrial and ventricular

Question 11

what type of septal defect has high risk of IE

Answer 11

ventricular

Question 12

Closure of septal defects

Answer 12

naturally
open heart surgery
‘patch’ repair
mesh insertion by arterial access

Question 13

co-arctation of aorta

Answer 13

part of aorta is narrower than normal

Question 14

patent ductus arteriosus

Answer 14

extra blood vessel