PITUITARY DISEASE

Question 1

Endocrine disease

Answer 1

dysfunction of hormone secreting glands through negative feedback regulation

Question 2

primary endocrine disease

Answer 2

gland failure

Question 3

secondary endocrine disease

Answer 3

control failure

Question 4

multiple endocrine neoplasia

Answer 4

genetic problems cause tumors that affect a collection of glands that grow from the same tissue

Question 5

types of multiple endocrine neoplasia

Answer 5

MEN 1 (Wermer syndrome)
MEN 2a
MEN 2b

Question 6

MEN 1

Answer 6

neoplasia of the parathyroid, pancreatic islets, anterior pituitary

Question 7

associated tumours with MEN 1

Answer 7

adrenal cortex
carcinoid
lipoma

Question 8

MEN 2a

Answer 8

neoplasia of parathyroid, medullary thyroid, phaeochromocytoma

Question 9

MEN 2B

Answer 9

neoplasia of medullary thyroid, phaeochromocytoma
mucosal neuromas
marfanoid appearance

Question 10

where is the pituitary gland

Answer 10

sits in the middle of skull base (cella turcica)
controls gland activity

Question 11

what hormones does ant pituitary produce

Answer 11

TSH
ACTH
GH
LH, FSH, prolactin

Question 12

what hormones does post. pituitary produce

Answer 12

antidiuretic hormone
oxytocin

Question 13

antidiuretic hormone

Answer 13

regulates water balance by controlling kidneys

Question 14

uncontrolled antidiuretic hormone leads to

Answer 14

diabetes insipidus

Question 15

types of adenomas

Answer 15

functional
non-functional

Question 16

functional adenomas

Answer 16

produce active hormone and compress tumour tissue

Question 17

functional adenomas cause

Answer 17

cushings syndrome in under 40 year olds
acromegaly in over 40 year olds

Question 18

cushings sydrome

Answer 18

too much cortisol

Question 19

non functional adenoma

Answer 19

tumour has no secreting ability but puts pressure on other gland - suppressing hormone release

Question 20

excess growth hormone results in

Answer 20

‘giantism’ in children
acromegaly in adults

Question 21

growth hormone deficiency results in

Answer 21

change in vitality and general wellbeing

Question 22

GH is measured by

Answer 22

IGF-1 levels
high IGF-1 in puberty is strongly suggestive of acromegaly developing

Question 23

acromegaly features

Answer 23

course features - enlarges supraorbital ridges, broad nose, thickened lips and soft tissues
enlarged hands - carpal tunnel syndrome and finger numbness
type 2 DM - insulin resistance from increased GH
CV disease - IHD and acromegalic cardiomyopathy

Question 24

acromegaly dental aspects

Answer 24

enlarged tongue
interdental spacing
reversed overbite
‘shrunk’ dentures