DIABETES MELLITUS

Question 1

Diabetes mellitus

Answer 1

glucose regulation

Question 2

diabetes insipidus

Answer 2

renal function

Question 3

random plasma glucose (RPG)

Answer 3

> 11.1mol/l on 2 occasions = diabetes

Question 4

when is GTT indicated

Answer 4

if fasting sample indicates impaired fasting glucose

Question 5

Average blood sugar levels for a diabetic

Answer 5

> 48mmol/mol

Question 6

DM TYPE 1

Answer 6

Insulin deficiency

Question 7

DM type II

Answer 7

Insulin resistance

Question 8

ketoacidosis

Answer 8

type I DM - fat cells metabolised for energy

Question 9

DM type I antibodies

Answer 9

GAD, ICA, IAA

Question 10

DM type I symptoms

Answer 10

polyuria
polydipsia
tiredness

Question 11

DM type II cause

Answer 11

abnormal suppression of glucagon
inadequate B cell response

Question 12

DM type II key targets

Answer 12

liver and portal vein

Question 13

DM type II acute presentation

Answer 13

polyuria
polydipsia
tiredness
unusual infections
CV complications

Question 14

what medications can cause DM

Answer 14

corticosteroids
cancer medication
antipsychotic medication
antivirals

Question 15

Type I DM management

Answer 15

nutrition
exercise
monitor insulin

insulin subcutaneously - aim 4<7

Question 16

Type II DM management

Answer 16

lifestyle - weight loss, diet
medication - Metformin, DDP-4 inhibitors, GLP-1 mimetics, Siphonylureas.

Question 17

diabetic eye diseases

Answer 17

cataracts
maculopathy proliferative retinopathy

Question 18

dental aspects of DM

Answer 18

poor wound healing
infection risk