HEART VALVE DISEASE

Question 1

Role of heart valves

Answer 1

blood flow out and into heart in one direction

Question 2

people at risk of heart valve disease

Answer 2

elderly
downs

Question 3

heart valve disease causes

Answer 3

congenital abnormality; bicuspid aortic valve
rheumatic fever; vegetations on valves which get infected causing IE
dilation of aortic root

Question 4

4 heart valves

Answer 4

LEFT; aortic, mitral
RIGHT; pulmonary, tricuspid

Question 5

what valves most commonly fail?

Answer 5

Aortic - aortic stenosis and incompetence
Mitral - mitral stenosis and incompetence

Question 6

What is valve stenosis?

Answer 6

narrowing of valve opening

Question 7

Valve disease investigations

Answer 7

Ultrasound scan
Doppler ultrasound scan

Question 8

When is valve replacement done

Answer 8

before evidence of heart failure

Question 9

Types of valve replacement

Answer 9

Metal valve - 20-30 years longevity
Tissue (pig) valve - 10 year longevity

Question 10

Metal valve replacement requirements

Answer 10

Warfarin
Antibiotic prophylaxis

Question 11

What valve replacement makes a ticking noise?

Answer 11

Metal

Question 12

Importance of valve replacement awareness for the dentist

Answer 12

If mechanical/ metal will be on anticoagulants

Question 13

How can dentist reduce EI risk

Answer 13

maintain OH - remove causes of oral sepsis

Question 14

What is the international disagreement with EI?

Answer 14

Antibiotic prophylaxis