The electron transport chain

Question 1

The order of the complexes electrons go through for NADH

Answer 1

complex 1, complex 3, complex 4

Question 2

The order of complexes electrons go through for FADH2

Answer 2

complex 2, complex 3, complex 4

Question 3

What happens to the last final electron donor?

Answer 3

oxygen gets reduced to water

Question 4

Step 1 on how electrons move through the ETC

Answer 4

Coenzyme Q(CoQ), accepts electrons from both complex 1 and complex 2

Question 5

Step 2 on how electrons move through ETC

Answer 5

Two electrons are transferred to CoQ from the mitochondrial matrix forming CoQH2

Question 6

Step 3 on how electrons move through ETC

Answer 6

In complex 3, electrons move CoQH2 to cytochrome and protons are released into the intermembrane

Question 7

Step 4 on how electrons move through ETC

Answer 7

Cytochrome C moves into the membrane space and goes through complex 4

Question 8

Proton concentration in the intermembrane space

Answer 8

high concentratiom

Question 9

Proton concentration in the mitochondrial matrix

Answer 9

low concentration

Question 10

ATP synthase

Answer 10

Converts the proton gradient to ATP energy

Question 11

How does Mitchell believe that proton chemical gradients turn into ATP energy

Answer 11

1. Protons diffuse from the transmembrane protein channel into the mitochondrial matrix
2. The movement of protons is paired with ATP synthase
3. The F0 channel rotates converting the proton gradient to mechanical rational energy
4. F1 in the matrix cataylzes ATP from ADP and Pi

Question 12

Structure of ATP synthase

Answer 12

F0: forms the channel in the inner, mitochondrial membrane which proteins flow through
F1: catalytic unit that synthesizes ATP

Question 13

Chemiosmotic hypothesis

Answer 13

turning ADP and Pi to ATP