Chapter 33.1- Animal Body plans

Question 1

What is a feature of animal cells that differentiate them from protists and fungi and plants?

Answer 1

Prolonged embryology that includes a blastula stage
cell develops differently
NO cell wall

Question 2

What is phylum?

Answer 2

it is a group that animals with the same body plan can be put into

Question 3

What are characters ? How do they evolve?

Answer 3

Characters are a term used by scientists to define distinctive features of an organism

Question 4

What are the three groups’ animals can be put into based on symmetry?

Answer 4

1. Porifera: irregular no form of symmetry in body(sponges)
2. Cnidaria: (sea animals like jelly fish and coral) axis runs from mouth to base and many planes of symmetry
3. Bilateria: Have a single plane of symmetry (humans )

Question 5

How are Porifera, cnidaria, and bilateria different from eachother in terms of cellularity and tissues?

Answer 5

Poriferia: have simple not well defined tissues and complex organs

Cnidaria: have well defined tissues but lack complex organs

Bilateria: have both well defines tissues and complex organs helps with digestion gas movement

Question 6

What is cephalization?

Answer 6

Cephalization is the concentration of nervous system at one end of the body. ( Usually called the head and found in bilateral organisms) and vertebrates

Question 7

What are three key ways where the evolution of cephalization has been helpful to animals?

Answer 7

1. helps them take in sensory information from the environment
2. the closeness of sensory organs to the brain= information processed quickly
3. helps with predation, they can better dect predators or prey

Question 8

What is segmentation?

Answer 8

is the organization of the body into segments that repeat from front to back and moditified where they
repeat (usually for insects and ect)

Question 9

Describe what a dipoblastic animal is

Answer 9

it is a cnidarian with two germ layers:
endoderm and ectoderm

Question 10

Describe what a triploblastic animal is

Answer 10

a bilteran with three germ layers:

Endoderm
mesoderm
Ectoderm

Question 11

What did the development of mesoderm triploblastic animals do?

Answer 11

allowed for new types of tissues such as muscles and circulatory systems

Question 12

What are the two groups of bilaterians called?

Answer 12

Protosomes: the blastopore becomes the mouth

Deuterosomes: the blastopore becomes the anus allows twinning

Question 13

What are the two groups of bilaterians called?

Answer 13

Protosomes: the blastopore becomes the mouth and forms first

Deuterosomes: the blastopore becomes the anus, the mouth forms second.

Question 14

What are the major steps in animal evolution?

Answer 14

1. Multicellularity
2. True sealed epilthelia
3. Organs
4. Triploblastic condition
5. Bilateral symmetry
6. Tubular differentiated gut
7. Amniotic egg
8. Vertebrate endoskeleton

Question 15

Multicellularity

Answer 15

• helps cells communicate
• immune memory
• abilitiy to recongize foreign cells

Question 16

True sealed epithiliea

Answer 16

• help with protection
• seperate external and internal enviorment
• maintains homeostasis

Question 17

Organs

Answer 17

• helps maintane animal and homeostasis
• helpc complete complex tasks

Question 18

Triploblastic conditions

Answer 18

Ciculartory tissues and muscle tissues

Question 19

Tubular differentiated gut

Answer 19

• digestion becomes more effiecent
• animals can eat bigger prey
• specialized functions

Question 20

Amniotic egg:

Answer 20

• protects the egg
• promotes hydration
• allows eggs to be developed outside of water

Question 21

Vertebrate endoskeleton:

Answer 21

• provides support
• allows muscles to work against eachother
• rapid locomation

Question 22

What is a nematocysts?

Answer 22

are in cndirian jellyfishes and are stinging cells that can kill

Question 23

An example of each phylum: Cnidrians

Answer 23

think jellyfish

Question 24

A