enzymes

Question 1

What is the role of enzymes?

Answer 1

they reduce activation energy of a chemical reaction by stabilizing the transition state.

Question 2

The steps of the enzyme catalyst

Answer 2

1. Initiation: substrates orientate themselves as they bind to the activation site
2. Transition state: The substrate interacts with active r groups
3. Termination: reaction products are released from enzymes

Question 3

In a chemical reaction catalyzed by an enzyme, the reactants are called a…

Answer 3

substrate

Question 4

Model substrate bonding site/explain

Answer 4

n/a

Question 5

Why are enzymes folded in the way that they are

Answer 5

• so that it doesn’t interfere with 3D shapes
• they bring together the amino acids chains that form the active sites

Question 6

What bond are substrate and active sites formed from?

Answer 6

weak noncovalent bonds that decrease activation energy

Question 7

N/A

Answer 7

N/A

Question 8

The permanency of inhibitors

Answer 8

Irreversible inhibitors: form covalent bonds with enzymes
Reversible enzymes: form weak bonds with enzymes allows them to disassociate

Question 9

Allosteric enzymes

Answer 9

• regulate key metabolic pathways
• regulated by enzymes that bind to their active site

An enzyme whose activity is affected by binding a molecule at a site other than the active
site.

Question 10

Two ways inhibitors work

Answer 10

race against substrate to bond on active site
- can be prevented by increasing concentration of substrate
Binds to the inhibiting site
- changes the shape or function of enzyme
- slows the rate of the reaction down

Question 11

Negative feedback

Answer 11

when the final product of a pathway inhibits the first step of the reaction

Question 12

Metabolic pathways

Answer 12

a series of reactions each catalyzed by different enzymes