The cell Flashcards
Cell
The cell is the simplest/ smallest form of life
Essential features of a cell
- Plasma membrane: Separation from the non-living environment.
- Nucleic acids/ DNA/RNA: Store and transmit information
- ATP/Mitochondria: Ability to metabolize/harvest energy
- Ability to reproduce
The only two sources of energy is…
- The sun
- Chemical compounds
Explain central dogma. Model as well
The process of DNA is converted to RNA and then proteins
Five things all living organisms have in common
- Cells
- Information (DNA)
- Replication/Reproduction
- Evolution
- Energy
DNA
Storage of information
RNA
- Created from a DNA template
- Responsible for synthesizing proteins through nucleic acids
Transcription
Synthesizing RNA from a DNA template.
Translation
Converts nucleic acids from RNA to proteins
Gene
DNA sequence converts to specific Protein Product/trait
What is a mutation? How do mutations form?
A genetic change resulting from DNA replication error.
Plasma membrane
A barrier from the cell to nonliving organism or the environment.
Nucleus
Stores the cells DNA
Cytoplasm
Contains all of the cells besides the nuclei’s
Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes
Prokaryotes: Cells without a nucleus
Eukaryotes: Cell with a nucleus
