Socialisation and participation

Question 1

Discrimination

Answer 1

The unfair treatment of a person or minority group

Question 2

Stereotyping

Answer 2

A standardised image ; making simple generalisations about all members of a group

Question 3

Prejudice

Answer 3

To form an unfavourable opinion of an individual, often based on inadequate facts

Question 4

Society

Answer 4

An organised group of people associated for some specific purpose or with a shared common interest

Question 5

Socialisation

Answer 5

A lifelong process where members of a society learn its norms, values, ideas, practices and roles in order to take their place in that society

Question 6

What is Primary Socialisation

Answer 6

Socialisation in early years of childhood that involves immediate family

Question 7

What is Secondary socialisation

Answer 7

Socialisation that occurs in teenage years through influence of peer groups, friends and school

Question 8

Gender socialisation

Answer 8

The act of learning to conform to culturally desired gender roles through socialisation

Question 9

Social Change

Answer 9

An alteration in the social order of a society

Question 10

Social control

Answer 10

The regulation of people’s thoughts, feelings, appearance and behaviour in social systems

Question 11

Social issues

Answer 11

Problems that affect many people within a society

Question 12

Social inequality

Answer 12

The unfair situation where resources or opportunity are distributed unevenly within a society

Question 13

What are the Causes of inequality in sports participation?

Answer 13

Lack of Money
Lack of Role models
Myths/stereotypes
Lack of Confidence

MR MC

Question 14

Social stratification

Answer 14

where society is divided on the basis of social characteristics such as class and wealth

Question 15

Equal opportunities

Answer 15

The right to access the same opportunities regardless of factors like race, age, sex, mental or physical capability

Question 16

what % of sports offer unequal prize money for men and women

Answer 16

30%

Question 17

what % of total commercial investment are in women sports

Answer 17

0.4%

Question 18

When does social change occur?

Answer 18

When institutions readjust to meet new needs of groups in society

Question 19

What are the causes of social stratification?
(3)

Answer 19

Low income families so less money to spend on sports equipment

Low income families tend to be poorer health, undermining physical ability

Some schools may have better/ more facilities than others

Question 20

What is social action theory?

Answer 20

A way of viewing socialisation, emphasising social action

Question 21

Explain the social action theory

Answer 21

People can intervene in social processes and protest the norm

Question 22

What is Sport England’s diversity and equality policies? (3)

Answer 22

Develop a culture than enables and values everyone involvement

Create equal opportunity environment

Overcome potential; barriers to sport

Question 23

Name the 2 types of discrimination

Answer 23

Overt discrimination

Covert discrimination

Question 24

What is overt discrimination?

Answer 24

Visible and obvious discrimination

Question 25

What is covert discrimination?

Answer 25

Hidden/ less obvious

Question 26

What are the individual benefits to raising participation in terms of health?

Answer 26

Increases fitness Lower body weight Lower Bp and stress Raised self esteem

Question 27

What are the individual benefits to raising participation in terms of their social ability?

Answer 27

Improved social skills Improved ability to make friends

Question 28

What are the individual benefits to raising participation in terms of crime?

Answer 28

More positive use of free time

Question 29

What are the individual benefits to raising participation in terms of economics?

Answer 29

Increased spending on healthy pursuits

Question 30

What are the sociological benefits to raising participation in terms of health?

Answer 30

Less NHS strain Lower obesity rate

Question 31

What are the sociological benefits to raising participation in terms of Socially?

Answer 31

Increased community integration Improved community morale

Question 32

What are the sociological benefits to raising participation in terms of Crime?

Answer 32

Less time off work Higher productivity

Question 33

What are the sociological benefits to raising participation in terms of economics?

Answer 33

More money put into economy via leisure spending

Question 34

What are the general barriers to participation? (6)

Answer 34

Time Income Motivation Experiences Education (Myths and stereotypes) Skill TIMEES

Question 35

What are some general solutions to barriers of participation? (4)

Answer 35

Add physical activity to daily routine Invite family or friends Do activities that require no specialist equipment/facility Perform low skill activities like running

Question 36

What are some barriers to participation for disabled groups? (7)

Answer 36

Low self confidence Low income Lack of access Lack of programmes Low media coverage and role models Myths/stereotypes Lack of specialist coaches, clubs and equipment

Question 37

What are some solutions to increase disabled participation in sport? (8)

Answer 37

Provide more opportunities for success Increase investment Improve accessibility Improve tech Improve media coverage and role models Train specialist coaches Educate on myths and stereotypes Exclusive sports

Question 38

Define racism

Answer 38

Beliefs or ideas that certain races have superiority over others

Question 39

Define stacking

Answer 39

Uneven distribution of ethnic minorities in certain positions in sport based on stereotypes

Question 40

Define channelling

Answer 40

Pushing ethnic minorities into certain sports based on assumptions

Question 41

What are the barriers to participation for ethnic minorities in sport? (7)

Answer 41

Conflict with cultural/ religious commitments (sunday league) Higher place on education than sport Fear of racism/abuse Few role models Low self esteem Stereotypes/ channeling Language barriers

Question 42

What are some solutions to barriers for ethnic minorities? (5)

Answer 42

Train more ethnic coaches, teachers and sport leaders Ensure single sex provision to fit cultural requirements (muslim) Severe racism punishments Campaigns against racism Educate against discrimination

Question 43

What is the Rooney Rule?

Answer 43

National football teams in the US must interview minorities for head coaching and senior operations jobs

Question 44

What are the barriers to participation for women in sport? (9)

Answer 44

Stereotypes and myths Less media coverage and role models Fewer sponsorship opportunities Impact of school PE curriculum Low self confidence Lack of leisure time Lack of income Channeling into female "appropriate" sports Fewer leagues, clubs and comps OR Time Role models Income Pe programmes Sponsors TRIPS

Question 45

What are some some solutions to resolve female barriers to participation? (6)

Answer 45

Enforce laws for sex discrimination Shared domestic responsibilities/ increase childcare facilities Increased media coverage and therefore role models Increased sponsorship to sport Provide education against myths Provide more sporting opportunity via clubs

Question 46

What are the health benefits of sport?

Answer 46

Decrease heart disease risk Decrease risk of stroke Decreased diabetes risk Decrease cancer risk Improve mental health

Question 47

What are the fitness benefits of sport?

Answer 47

Improve posture Improved cardiovascular fitness Improved muscular strength Improved flexibility Improved agility Improved speed and power Improved reaction time

Question 48

What are the social benefits of sport

Answer 48

Raised serotonin levels so increased emotional state Improved sleep patterns Boosts mood Make friends