Injuries in sport (needs editing) Flashcards
Acute injury
Sudden injury during exercise
Chronic injury
Occurs over a long time, overuse injury
Acute injury characteristics
Specific impact or trauma
Sudden severe pain
Swelling
Cant bear weight
Protruding bone/joint
Chronic injury characteristics
Pain when exercising
Dull ache during rest
Swelling
Fracture
Break or crack in bones
2 types of fracture
Open - damage soft tissue
Closed - clean break, no soft tissue damage
Fracture variations
Spiral
Comminuted
longitudinal
Buckle
Hairline
Greenstick
Spiral fracture
A winding break
Comminuted fracture
Bone breaks or splinters into 3 or more parts
Longitudinal fracture
occurs along length of bone
Buckle fracture
Occurs in children where bone deforms but doesn’t break
Harline fracture
Partial fracture that is difficult to detect
Greenstick fracture
In children bone fractures but doesn’t break completely, bone bends
Dislocations + cause
Bone forced out of position
As a result of collision
Strain + what type of sports is it common in
Pulled or torn muscle
Common in sports when accelerating
Sprain + type of sports common in
Overstretching/ tearing of ligaments
Lots of twisting and turning involved
Types of chronic injuries
Achilles tendon
Stress fracture
Tennis elbow
Achilles tendon injury characteristics + sport
Overuse of tendon causes pain and inflammation
Tendonitis
Connects to gastrocnemius
Used for running, walking, jumping
Stress fracture characteristics
Area becomes tender and swollen from overuse
Common in weight bearing bones
When muscle fatigues, doesn’t absorb shock, shock absorbed by bone
Occurs when exercise increased too quick
Tennis elbow characteristics
Muscle attached to elbow is used to straighten wrist
Lateral epicondylitis
Inflamed and tiny tears outside elbow
Any activity that causes repeated stress on elbow causes this
