Group dynamics Flashcards
Define team
A group of individuals who work together to achieve a goal
What are the characteristics of a team?
Shared goal or purpose
Interaction - role fulfilment
Collective identity c9 can be recognised
Communication- verbal and non verbal
SICC
Who developed the group development model?
Tuckman
What are the stages to Tuckman’s group development model?
Forming
Storming
Norming
Performing
Mourning
What is involved in the forming stage?
Performers get to know eachother
Find out about task
Strengths assessment made
Authoritative coach
What is involved in the storming stage?
Team competes for roles, position, status
Different types of leaders emerge
Coach helps but failure is likely at this stage
What is involved in the norming stage?
Conflict resolved
Leader emerges and undertakes role
Rules develop
Coach becomes a consultant
What is involved in the performing stage?
Team works together with high interdependence and motivation
Decisions can be made independently from experienced and skilled teammates
Work together to achieve goal
Coach can be consultative but authoritative in times of stress
What is involved in the mourning stage?
When the task has been completed
Members of the team may part ways
Define cohesion
The tendency for individuals to work together to achieve a goal
Define co action
When others do the same task but separately
Define interaction
When a group works together to produce results
What is the order of Carron’s antecedents model?
Environmental factors
Personal factors + leadership factors
Team factors
Cohesion
Group + individual outcomes
What are Carron’s antecedents?
Personal factors
Environmental factors
Leadership factors
Team factors
PELT
What is meant by personal factors?
Similarity of group members and opinions + values.If unhappy with role issues will arise
What is meant by environmental factors?
Size of group and time available. Bigger groups cause faulty processes and groups with more time together are more likely to form cohesion
What is meant by leadership factors?
Leadership style. Leader must be respected and get along to prevent conflict
What is meant by team factors?
The more success a team have and motivation, the more likely cohesion occurs
Define task cohesion
Individuals working together to achieve an end result
Define social cohesion
Where individuals relating to each other interact, like each other and socialise within the group
Is task cohesion or social cohesion more important?
Task
What cohesion will the ideal team have?
Both task and social
Why is social cohesion beneficial?
Form team spirit and strengthens communication channels, allowing more effort in training and games
Why may social cohesion be hindering?
May produce cliques so some members do not cooperate and social loafing occurs
Why is task cohesion beneficial?
Improves coordination and allows high motivation levels
What are faulty group processes?
Things that may go wrong
What is the equation linked to faulty group processes?
Actual Productivity = potential productivity - losses due to faulty processes
Define actual productivity
The outcome of group performance
Define potential productivity
The best performance based on player ability and resources
What are the types of faulty group processes?
Motivational losses
Coordinational losses
What are coordinational losses?
losses due to Poor tactics, communication between players and coaches, lack of role understanding
What are motivational losses?
Losses due to Reduced effort and concentration, over or under arousal
What are the 2 faulty group processes?
Social loafing
Ringlemann effect
What is social loafing?
Where a performer looses motivation due to the performer believing their efforts are not being recognised
What type of faulty group process is social loafing?
Motivational losses
What type of faulty group process is the ringlemann effect?
Motivational losses
What are the causes of social loafing?
Lack of confidence about ability
Negative attitude
No rewards to strive for
Lack of fitness
Lack of role understanding
Cliques
What is the ringelmann effect?
Where group performance decreases as group size increases
What are the strategies to improve cohesion and prevent faulty group processes?
Rewards
Give roles and responsibilities
Set goals
Avoid situations where social loafing can occur
Maintain team fitness
Organise team bonding
Work on specific tactics and drills
Ensure role understanding
Use video analysis to highlight errors
Promote team cohesion
Who developed the faulty group processes theory?
Steiner
