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SBL > Skin Changes > Flashcards

Skin Changes Flashcards

1
Q

What are 2 viruses that can cause vesicular rashes?

A

Herpesvirus 1 and 2

Herpes Zoster

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2
Q

Herpes Zoster infection can cause vesicular rashes. What are the 2 types?

A

Varicella rash

Zoster rash

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3
Q

Describe the Varicella rash seen with Herpes Zoster infection

A
  • Papular
  • Vesicular
  • Pustule
  • Crust
    = ALL appear at once
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4
Q

Describe the Zoster rash seen with Herpes Zoster infection

A

Eruption of vesicles in a dermatomal distribution with pain

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5
Q

What are the symptoms of meningitis?

A 
Fever
Headache
Stiff neck/back
Vomiting and delirium 
- Petechial rash
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6
Q

Describe the CSF with meningitis

A

Purulent CSF (+) for Gram (-) intra and extracellular diplococci

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7
Q

What is a possible complication of meningococcal infection?

A

DIC - purpura fulminans

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8
Q

What is purpura fulminans?

A

DIC associated skin findings after Meningococcal infection

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9
Q

Seborrheic Keratosis

A

Brown/Black papules/plaques

- BENIGN

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10
Q

Benign brown/black papules/plaques

A

Seborrheic Keratosis

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11
Q

Seborrheic Keratosis is common in what age group?

A

Older adults

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12
Q

Is treatment needed for Seborrheic Keratosis?

A

NO - may be confused with melanomas

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13
Q

Actinic Keratosis

A

Pinkish macules/papules that occur on sun-exposed parts of the body

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14
Q

What are the symptoms of Actinic Keratosis?

A

Pinkish macules/papules that are tender and feel like sandpaper

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15
Q

Actinic Keratosis is considered premalignant. What will you likely develop?

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

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16
Q

Seborrheic Dermatitis

A

Dry scales common on scalp, face, eyelids, genitals and skin folds

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17
Q

Dry scales common on scalp, face, eyelids, genitals and skin folds

A

Seborrheic Dermatitis

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18
Q

What patient population often gets Seborrheic Dermatitis?

A

Parkinson’s and HIV patients

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19
Q

What is the most common cutaneous malignancy?

A

Basal cell cutaneous carcinoma

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20
Q

Basal cell cutaneous carcinomas often look like ____ with a history of _____

A

Pearly papule

- History of bleeding

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21
Q

Squamous cell cutaneous carcinomas often look like ____

A

Warty nodule

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22
Q

Which has a higher rate of metastasis - basal or squamous cell carcinoma?

A

Squamous cell cutaneous carcinoma

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23
Q

What types of people are at higher risk for basal cell and squamous cell cutaneous carcinomas?

A

Fair skinned person with history of sun exposure or organ transplant

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24
Q

Pearly papule with a history of bleeding?

A

Basal cell cutaneous carcinoma

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25
Q

Warty nodule with a high rate of metastasis?

A

Squamous cell cutaneous carcinoma

26
Q

What does a Psoriasis plaque look like?

A

Salmon-colored, well demarcated plaque with overlying silvery scale

27
Q

Where do Psoriasis plaques usually reside?

A

Extensor surfaces - knee, elbow

- Or scalp

28
Q

Psoriasis is associated with what other syndrome/diseases?

A

Metabolic syndrome

Cardiovascular disease

29
Q

What can cause a flare up with Psoriasis?

A

Cold, dry, hot weather
Stress
Medications
Skin trauma

30
Q

Malignant Melanoma signs?

A

ABCDE

  • Asymmetry
  • Borders - irregular
  • Color - multiple
  • Diameter - > 6 mm
  • Evolution - changing!
31
Q

What 2 things are the most significant determinant in the prognosis of malignant melanoma?

A

Color

Tissue depth

32
Q

Malignant Melanoma signs?

A

ABCDE

  • Asymmetry
  • Borders - irregular
  • Color - multiple
  • Diameter - > 6 mm
  • Evolution - changing!
33
Q

Erythema migrans is often seen with what disease?

A

Lyme Disease

34
Q

Lyme Disease often is associated with what lesion?

A

Erythema Migrans

35
Q

Describe Erythema Multiforme

A
  • Central redness
  • Lighter ring of redness around the center
  • Outer ring of redness
  • Halo surrounding the entire thing
36
Q

Erythema Multiforme is often seen with what infections?

A

Herpes Simplex

Mycoplasma Pneumoniae

37
Q

Erythema Multiforme is often seen with what infections?

A

Herpes Simplex

Mycoplasma Pneumoniae

38
Q

Herpes Simplex and Mycoplasma Pneumoniae often have what lesion?

A

Erythema Multiforme

39
Q

What is Dermatomyositis?

A

Chronic, immune-mediated disorder with periorbital redness and papules over the dorsal knuckles
- itchy, scaly, red patches on scalp as well

40
Q

What 2 signs are pathognomonic for Dermatomyositis?

A

Periorbital redness

Papules over the dorsal knuckles

41
Q

Periorbital redness, papules over dorsal knuckles with itchy, scaly and red patches on the scalp?

A

Dermatomyositis

42
Q

Pretibial Myxedema

A

Pink, waxy, indurated plaque on the shin

43
Q

With what condition can pretibial myxedema be present?

A

Hyperthyroidism (grave’s)

- Pink, waxy, indurated plaque on the shin

44
Q

What is Erythema Nodosum?

A

Lower extremity subcutaneous nodule

45
Q

What is Erythema Nodosum associated with?

A

Sarcoidosis

46
Q

Symptoms of Scarlet fever?

A

Red, diffuse, papular “sandpaper rash” with STRAWBERRY TONGUE

47
Q

Sandpaper rash and strawberry tongue are seen with?

A

Scarlet Fever

48
Q

Koplick spots in the mouth and a papular rash are seen with?

A

Measles

49
Q

What is the Nikolsky sign?

A

Lateral pressure on skin causes epidermis to slough off

50
Q

With what condition is the Nikolsky sign (+)?

A

Pemphigus Vulgaris

51
Q

With what condition is the Nikolsky sign (-)?

A

Bullous Pemphigoid

52
Q

Bullous pemphigoid

A

Deep intact blisters that start on the legs and move up

53
Q

Bullous pemphigoid is ____ and affects ____

A

Itchy and affects elderly

54
Q

What causes Bullous Pemphigoid?

A

Typer 2 hypersensitivity reactions to drugs and UV light

55
Q

Pemphigus Vulgaris

A

Large bullae that peel off

56
Q

Pemphigus Vulgaris is ____

A

Painful

57
Q

What causes Pemphigus Vulgaris?

A

Autoimmune

58
Q

Large bullae that peel off

A

Pemphigus Vulgaris

59
Q

Blisters that are itchy and intact

A

Bullous pemphigoid

60
Q

Pemphigus Vulgaris will have a (+)

A

Nikolsky sign

- lateral pressure on skin causes sloughing of epidermis

SBL (48 decks)

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