Pharmacology of Neutropenia and Thrombocytopenia

Question 1

What are common things that cause Neutropenia?

Answer 1

Drug - ex. Chemo

Things that damage the bone marrow

Question 2

Common symptoms of Neutropenia?

Answer 2

Recurrent sinusitis/otitis
Sore mouth
Low fever
Skin abscesses

Question 3

What are 4 drugs that treat Neutropenia?

Answer 3

1. Filgrastim
2. Pegfilgrastim
3. Sargramostim
4. Pleroxifor

Question 4

What are 4 drugs that treat Neutropenia?

Answer 4

1. Filgrastim
2. Pegfilgrastim
3. Sargramostim
4. Plerixafor

Question 5

Between Filgrastim and Pegfilgrastim, which has fewer adverse effects and is the treatment of choice for Neutropenia?

Answer 5

Filgrastim

Question 6

Pegfilgrastim has a _____ compared to Filgrastim

Answer 6

Longer half life

Question 7

2 ways to administer Filgrastim (G-CSF)?

Answer 7

• 4 or 24 hour IV

- Continuous Subcutaneous infusion

Question 8

How does Filgrastim (G-CSF) work?

Answer 8

Regulates production of neutrophils in bone marrow via progenitor proliferation and differentiation

Question 9

Adverse effects of Filgrastim (C-CSF)?

Answer 9

Allergic reactions
Bone pain
Splenic rupture and Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Question 10

Filgrastim must be administered ______ due to dividing cell vulnerability

Answer 10

24 hours after chemotherapy

Question 11

How do you administer Sargramostim (GM-CSF)?

Answer 11

IV or Subcutaneous

Question 12

How does Sargramostim (GM-CSF) work?

Answer 12

Increases production of neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes/macrophages

Question 13

Adverse effects of Sargramostim (GM-CSF)?

Answer 13

Edema
Shortness of breath
Worsened pre-existing renal/liver dysfunction
Gasping syndrome in premature infants

Question 14

What in Sargramostim causes Grasping Syndrome in premature infants?

Answer 14

Benzyl Alcohol

Question 15

How do you administer Plerixafor?

Answer 15

Subcutaneous injection

Question 16

Plerixafor is a partial agonist for?

Answer 16

CXCR5 receptor

Question 17

What does Plerixafor do?

Answer 17

Mobilizes hematopoietic stem cells to the plasma

Question 18

Adverse effects of Plerixafor?

Answer 18

Hypersensitivity reactions

Question 19

Which treatment for Neutropenia has little evidence of impact on clinical outcomes but does speed recovery from severe neutropenia?

Answer 19

Filgrastim

Question 20

Which treatment for Neutropenia has a side effect of bone pain?

Answer 20

Filgrastim

Question 21

Which treatment for Neutropenia has a side effect of edema?

Answer 21

Sargramostim

Question 22

This drug metabolizes hematopoietic stem cells to the plasma

Answer 22

Plerixafor

- Treats Neutropenia

Question 23

This drug increases production of neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes/macrophages

Answer 23

Sargramostim

Question 24

This drug regulates production of neutrophils in the bone marrow by proliferating and differentiating progenitor cells

Answer 24

Filgrastim

Question 25

Why can't you treat thrombocytopenia with Thrombopoietin?

Answer 25

Causes autoantibodies to be produced to platelets and leads to more severe thrombocytopenia

Question 26

Why can't you treat thrombocytopenia with Stem Cell Factor?

Answer 26

Has potent actions on progenitor cells and causes severe allergic reactions (found on mast cells)

Question 27

What are 3 drugs to treat Thrombocytopenia?

Answer 27

1. Oprelvekin 2. Romiplostim 3. Eltrombopag

Question 28

What are 3 drugs to treat Thrombocytopenia?

Answer 28

1. Oprelvekin 2. Romiplostim 3. Eltrombopag

Question 29

How do you administer Oprelvekin (IL-11)?

Answer 29

Subcutaneous once a day

Question 30

How does Oprelvekin (IL-11) work?

Answer 30

Increases Megakaryocytes via unknown mechanism

Question 31

IL-3 and IL-6 cannot be used to treat Thrombocytopenia because?

Answer 31

Too toxic

Question 32

Adverse effects of Oprelvekin?

Answer 32

Edema Bloodshot eyes Cardiac dysrhythmias Allergic reactions

Question 33

How do you administer Romiplostim?

Answer 33

Weekly subcutaneous injection

Question 34

How does Romiplostim work?

Answer 34

Peptibody that binds to the TPO receptor | has no TPO similarity lol

Question 35

Romiplostim increases?

Answer 35

Platelets

Question 36

Adverse effects with Romiplostim?

Answer 36

Allergic reactions

Question 37

How do you administor Eltrombopag?

Answer 37

Orally once a day

Question 38

How does Eltrombopag work?

Answer 38

Non-peptide TPO receptor agonist

Question 39

Adverse effects with Eltrombopag?

Answer 39

Hepatotoxicity

Question 40

This drug may cause hepatotoxicity when treating Thrombocytopenia

Answer 40

Eltrombopag

Question 41

This drug is well-tolerated and occasionally has allergic reactions when treating Thrombocytopenia

Answer 41

Romiplostim

Question 42

This drug increases megakaryocytes when treating Thrombocytopenia

Answer 42

Oprelvekin

Question 43

This drug can cause edema, blood shot eyes, and cardiac dysrythmias when treating Thrombocytopenia

Answer 43

Oprelvekin