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SBL > Pharmacology of Neutropenia and Thrombocytopenia > Flashcards

Pharmacology of Neutropenia and Thrombocytopenia Flashcards

1
Q

What are common things that cause Neutropenia?

A

Drug - ex. Chemo

Things that damage the bone marrow

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2
Q

Common symptoms of Neutropenia?

A

Recurrent sinusitis/otitis
Sore mouth
Low fever
Skin abscesses

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3
Q

What are 4 drugs that treat Neutropenia?

A
  1. Filgrastim
  2. Pegfilgrastim
  3. Sargramostim
  4. Pleroxifor
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4
Q

What are 4 drugs that treat Neutropenia?

A
  1. Filgrastim
  2. Pegfilgrastim
  3. Sargramostim
  4. Plerixafor
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5
Q

Between Filgrastim and Pegfilgrastim, which has fewer adverse effects and is the treatment of choice for Neutropenia?

A

Filgrastim

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6
Q

Pegfilgrastim has a _____ compared to Filgrastim

A

Longer half life

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7
Q

2 ways to administer Filgrastim (G-CSF)?

A
  • 4 or 24 hour IV

- Continuous Subcutaneous infusion

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8
Q

How does Filgrastim (G-CSF) work?

A

Regulates production of neutrophils in bone marrow via progenitor proliferation and differentiation

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9
Q

Adverse effects of Filgrastim (C-CSF)?

A

Allergic reactions
Bone pain
Splenic rupture and Respiratory Distress Syndrome

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10
Q

Filgrastim must be administered ______ due to dividing cell vulnerability

A

24 hours after chemotherapy

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11
Q

How do you administer Sargramostim (GM-CSF)?

A

IV or Subcutaneous

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12
Q

How does Sargramostim (GM-CSF) work?

A

Increases production of neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes/macrophages

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13
Q

Adverse effects of Sargramostim (GM-CSF)?

A

Edema
Shortness of breath
Worsened pre-existing renal/liver dysfunction
Gasping syndrome in premature infants

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14
Q

What in Sargramostim causes Grasping Syndrome in premature infants?

A

Benzyl Alcohol

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15
Q

How do you administer Plerixafor?

A

Subcutaneous injection

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16
Q

Plerixafor is a partial agonist for?

A

CXCR5 receptor

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17
Q

What does Plerixafor do?

A

Mobilizes hematopoietic stem cells to the plasma

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18
Q

Adverse effects of Plerixafor?

A

Hypersensitivity reactions

19
Q

Which treatment for Neutropenia has little evidence of impact on clinical outcomes but does speed recovery from severe neutropenia?

A

Filgrastim

20
Q

Which treatment for Neutropenia has a side effect of bone pain?

A

Filgrastim

21
Q

Which treatment for Neutropenia has a side effect of edema?

A

Sargramostim

22
Q

This drug metabolizes hematopoietic stem cells to the plasma

A

Plerixafor

- Treats Neutropenia

23
Q

This drug increases production of neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes/macrophages

A

Sargramostim

24
Q

This drug regulates production of neutrophils in the bone marrow by proliferating and differentiating progenitor cells

A

Filgrastim

25
Q

Why can’t you treat thrombocytopenia with Thrombopoietin?

A

Causes autoantibodies to be produced to platelets and leads to more severe thrombocytopenia

26
Q

Why can’t you treat thrombocytopenia with Stem Cell Factor?

A

Has potent actions on progenitor cells and causes severe allergic reactions (found on mast cells)

27
Q

What are 3 drugs to treat Thrombocytopenia?

A
  1. Oprelvekin
  2. Romiplostim
  3. Eltrombopag
28
Q

What are 3 drugs to treat Thrombocytopenia?

A
  1. Oprelvekin
  2. Romiplostim
  3. Eltrombopag
29
Q

How do you administer Oprelvekin (IL-11)?

A

Subcutaneous once a day

30
Q

How does Oprelvekin (IL-11) work?

A

Increases Megakaryocytes via unknown mechanism

31
Q

IL-3 and IL-6 cannot be used to treat Thrombocytopenia because?

A

Too toxic

32
Q

Adverse effects of Oprelvekin?

A

Edema
Bloodshot eyes
Cardiac dysrhythmias
Allergic reactions

33
Q

How do you administer Romiplostim?

A

Weekly subcutaneous injection

34
Q

How does Romiplostim work?

A

Peptibody that binds to the TPO receptor

has no TPO similarity lol

35
Q

Romiplostim increases?

A

Platelets

36
Q

Adverse effects with Romiplostim?

A

Allergic reactions

37
Q

How do you administor Eltrombopag?

A

Orally once a day

38
Q

How does Eltrombopag work?

A

Non-peptide TPO receptor agonist

39
Q

Adverse effects with Eltrombopag?

A

Hepatotoxicity

40
Q

This drug may cause hepatotoxicity when treating Thrombocytopenia

A

Eltrombopag

41
Q

This drug is well-tolerated and occasionally has allergic reactions when treating Thrombocytopenia

A

Romiplostim

42
Q

This drug increases megakaryocytes when treating Thrombocytopenia

A

Oprelvekin

43
Q

This drug can cause edema, blood shot eyes, and cardiac dysrythmias when treating Thrombocytopenia

A

Oprelvekin

SBL (48 decks)

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