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SBL > B-cell NON-Hodgkin & Precursor B/T cell Leukemias/Lymphomas > Flashcards

B-cell NON-Hodgkin & Precursor B/T cell Leukemias/Lymphomas Flashcards

1
Q

Leukemias involve cells in the?

A

Bone marrow/blood

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2
Q

Lymphomas involve cells in the?

A

Lymph nodes

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3
Q

Lymphoid neoplasias involve what cell types?

A

B and T cells

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4
Q

What is the most common cancer of kids?

A

(ALL) = Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma

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5
Q

Symptoms of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma (ALL)?

A

SUDDEN onset:

  • Fever
  • Fatigue
  • Pain
  • Bleeding/Bruising
  • Headache and Nausea
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6
Q

Normally, a lymphoid stem cell creates?

A

B and T cells

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7
Q

With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma, mutations in the lymphoid stem cell cause what to accumulate?

A

Blasts!
“ Leukemic stem cells”
- Maturation arrest and self-renewal capacity

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8
Q

Due to their densely packed nature, when attempting to aspirate out cells with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma, how is it described?

A

Sludge-y

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9
Q

How do the cells look with ALL (Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma)?

A

Dark, large and low cytoplasm

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10
Q

What markers can be expressed for cells with ALL (Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma)?

A

TdT
B cells: CD19, CD20, CD10, PAX-5
T cells: anything below CD10

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11
Q

What 4 factors will give a good prognosis for ALL (Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma)?

A

Age: 2-10
LOW peripheral WBC count
Hyperdiploidy
t(12;21)

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12
Q

What factors will give a worse prognosis for ALL (Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma)?

A

Age < 2 or into adolescence/adulthood

HIGH peripheral WBC count

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13
Q

What is the treatment for ALL (Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma)?

A

Intrathecal chemotherapy

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14
Q

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia/Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma (CLL/SLL) is a type of?

A

B-cell NON-Hodgkin Leukemia/Lymphoma

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15
Q

Patient population and symptoms with CLL/SLL (Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia/Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma)

A

Older patients, either Asymptomatic or Fatigued

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16
Q

What does a peripheral smear show for CLL/SLL?

A

Lymphocytosis (increased lymphocytes)
Small and mature lymphocytes
Possibly smudge cells

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17
Q

What Cluster Designations will be present with CLL/SLL?

A

CD19/20 AND CD5+

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18
Q

CD19/CD20+ AND CD5+ could indicate?

A

CLL/SLL

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19
Q

What is the Richter Transformation?

A

CLL/SLL transforming into an AGGRESSIVE tumor

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20
Q

Mutations with ______ can cause the Richter Transformation of CLL/SLL

A

TP53 or MYC

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21
Q

What translocation is involved with Follicular Lymphoma?

A

t(14;18)

= IgH gene next to BCL-2

22
Q

t(14;18) - IgH gene next to BCL-2

A

Follicular Lymphoma

23
Q

Symptoms of Follicular Lymphoma?

A

Painless lymphadenopathy

24
Q

Follicular Lymphoma may look similar to Follicular Hyperplasia. What is Follicular Lymphoma positive for that Follicular Hyperplasia is NOT?

A

BCL-2

25
Q

Follicular Lymphoma is graded 1-3. Grade 3 represents?

A

More large centroblasts

26
Q

Diffuse Large B cell Lymphoma has what physical sign?

A

Large masses in lymph node or spleen

27
Q

What are 2 types of Diffuse Large B cell Lymphoma?

A
  1. Immunodeficiency related
    - Linked to EBV
  2. Primary effusion lymphoma
    - HHV-8
28
Q

What is over expressed with Diffuse Large B cell Lymphoma?

A

BCL-6

29
Q

Over expression of BCL-6?

A

Diffuse Large B cell Lymphoma

30
Q

“starry sky” pattern

A

Burkitt Lymphoma

31
Q

What produces the “stars” in the “starry sky” pattern of Burkitt Lymphoma?

A

Tingible body macrophages

32
Q

What are tingible body macrophages present with Burkitt lymphoma?

A

They are clearing the cell debris produced from the EXTREMELY FAST growing tumor

33
Q

What translocation is present with Burkitt Lymphoma?

A

t(8;14)

- IgH gene next to MYC

34
Q

t(8:14) - IgH next to MYC

A

Burkitt Lymphoma

35
Q

What marker shows high proliferation index for Burkitt Lymphoma?

A

Ki-67

36
Q

What are 3 types of Burkitt Lymphoma?

A
  1. Endemic African Burkitt Lymphoma
    - Mandibular growth and EBV present
  2. HIV-related
  3. Sporadic
37
Q

Mandibular growth and EBV present are often seen with?

A

Endemic African Burkitt Lymphoma

38
Q

What translocation is present with Mantle Cell Lymphoma?

A

t(11;14) - IgH gene next to Cyclin D1

39
Q

t(11;14) - IgH next to Cyclin D1

A

Mantle Cell lymphoma

40
Q

What physical sign may be present with Mantle cell lymphoma?

A

Lymphomatoid polyposis

- intestinal mucosal lesions

41
Q

Lymphomatoid polyposis may be present with?

A

Mantle cell lymphoma

42
Q

What 2 sites can Marginal Zone Lymphomas arise in?

A

Lymph nodes

Extra-nodal sites = MALT-omas

43
Q

Marginal zone lymphomas that arise in extra-nodal sites are associated with?

A

Chronic inflammation

44
Q

Gastric MALT-omas (marginal zone lymphomas) are associated with?

A

H. Pylori infection

45
Q

What physical sign is seen with Hairy cell leukemia?

A

Massive splenomegaly

46
Q

What markers are seen with Hairy Cell Leukemia?

A

CD25

CD11c

47
Q

CD25 and CD11c could indicate?

A

Hairy Cell Leukemia

48
Q

If a dry tap on aspiration is seen, what could cause this?

A

Hairy cell leukemia due to the induction of fibrosis

49
Q

Neoplastic B cells have “hair like” projections with what leukemia?

A

Hairy cell Leukemia

50
Q

B cell NON-hodgkin leukemias/lymphomas are all diagnose well with?

A

Flow cytometry

SBL (48 decks)

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