AIDS - opportunistic infections

Question 1

What is the most common opportunistic infection?

Answer 1

Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia (PJP)

Question 2

Symptoms of infection with Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia?

Answer 2

Fever, non-productive cough, dyspnea, pleuritic chest pain

Question 3

What is the most common physical exam finding with Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia?

Answer 3

Exertional Hypoxia

Question 4

What does a CT scan show with Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia?

Answer 4

Ground-glass infiltrates in the lungs

Question 5

Fever, dyspnea, non-productive cough, exertional hypoxia are seen with what opportunistic infection?

Answer 5

Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia

Question 6

Ground-glass infiltrates in the lungs will be seen with what opportunistic infection?

Answer 6

Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia

Question 7

PJP occurs with CD4 count less than?

Answer 7

200

Question 8

How do you diagnose PJP?

Answer 8

Bronchoalveolar lavage

Sputum analysis

Question 9

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis occurs with CD4 count less than?

Answer 9

500

Question 10

Symptoms of infection with Mycobacterium Tuberculosis?

Answer 10

Fever, cough, dyspnea, weight loss, night sweats

Question 11

Fever, cough, dyspnea, weight loss, night sweats

Answer 11

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis

Question 12

What will be present in imaging of the lungs with Mycobacterium Tuberculosis?

Answer 12

Apical cavitary lesion in upper lung fields

Question 13

Apical cavitary lesion in the upper lung fields will be seen with what opportunistic infection?

Answer 13

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis

Question 14

What CD4 count is necessary to get Community Acquired Pneumonia?

Answer 14

ANY

Question 15

Symptoms of Community Acquired Pneumonia?

Answer 15

Fever, cough, shortness of breath, chest infiltrates

Question 16

2 typical organisms that cause Community Acquired Pneumonia?

Answer 16

Strep. Pneumoniae

H. Influenzae

Question 17

CNS Toxoplasmosis occurs with a CD4 count less than?

Answer 17

100

Question 18

What toxoplasma antibody will be (+) in toxoplasmosis?

Answer 18

IgG

Question 19

How do you get CNS toxoplasmosis?

Answer 19

Reactivation of latent tissue cysts in patients with prior toxoplasmosis infection

Question 20

Symptoms of CNS Toxoplasmosis?

Answer 20

Fever, headache and FOCAL NEURO DEFICITS

Question 21

Fever, headache and focal neuro deficits?

Answer 21

CNS Toxoplasmosis

Question 22

What will be seen on MRI with CNS toxoplasmosis infection?

Answer 22

MULTIPLE ring-enhancing lesions

Question 23

Primary CNS Lymphoma can present similar to?

Answer 23

CNS toxoplasmosis

Question 24

Primary CNS lymphoma occurs with a CD4 count less than?

Answer 24

50

Question 25

Symptoms of Primary CNS lymphoma?

Answer 25

Fever, headache and FOCAL NEURO DEFICITS

Question 26

Primary CNS lymphoma and CNS Toxoplasmosis have the same symptoms. What does Primary CNS lymphoma have on MRI?

Answer 26

SINGLE ring-enhancing lesion instead of multiple that CNS toxoplasmosis has

Question 27

Cryptococcal Meningitis occurs with CD4 count less than?

Answer 27

100

Question 28

What is the leading cause of meningitis in AIDS patients?

Answer 28

Cryptococcal Meningitis

Question 29

Symptoms of Cryptococcal Meningitis opportunistic infection?

Answer 29

Fever, headache, altered mental status

Question 30

Fever, headache, altered mental status

Answer 30

Cryptococcal Meningitis

Question 31

How do you diagnose Cryptococcal Meningitis?

Answer 31

Lumbar puncture with CSF shows elevated opening pressure | - and the cryptococcal antigen is (+)

Question 32

A lumbar puncture with CSF shows elevated opening pressure?

Answer 32

Cryptococcal Meningitis

Question 33

What is a common late complication of AIDS (CD4 < 50)?

Answer 33

Mycobacterium Avium Intracellulare

Question 34

Symptoms of Mycobacterium Avium Intracellulare?

Answer 34

Fever, weight loss, night sweats, lymphadenopathy, abdominal pain

Question 35

Symptoms of Mycobacterium Avium Intracellulare?

Answer 35

Fever, weight loss, night sweats, lymphadenopathy, abdominal pain

Question 36

2 options with reactivation of cytomegalovirus (CMV)?

Answer 36

Retinitis | Colitis

Question 37

CMV retinitis symptoms?

Answer 37

Floats, cut visual field, scotomas (flashing lights)

Question 38

CMV colitis symptoms?

Answer 38

Diarrhea, abdominal pain, weight loss

Question 39

CMV retinitis and colitis symptoms?

Answer 39

CMV retinitis - floaters, cut visual field, scotomas (flashing lights) CMV colitis - diarrhea, abdominal pain, weight loss

Question 40

Candidiasis infection involve what physical exam finding in the mouth?

Answer 40

White plaques that easily scrape off

Question 41

Oral hairy leukoplakia differs from Candidiasis in that?

Answer 41

The white plaques do NOT scrape off | - associated with EBV

Question 42

Prophylaxis for PJP and Toxoplasmosis?

Answer 42

Trimethoprim - Sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX)

Question 43

Prophylaxis for PJP and Toxoplasmosis?

Answer 43

Trimethoprim - Sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX)

Question 44

Prophylaxis for Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia and CNS Toxoplasma?

Answer 44

Trimethoprim - Sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX)