Pruritus Treatments, Topical Vasoconstrictors and Ectoparasites Flashcards
What are some non-pharmacologic interventions for pruritus?
Moisture, cold environment, no skin irritants and reduced stress
There are 6 topical therapies for Pruritus. Name them.
Calamine Menthol and Camphor Capsaicin Hydrocortisone Doxepin Pramoxine
MOA and effects of Calamine
MOA = unkown
- Calamine COOLs the skin
MOA for Menthol and Camphor
Activates TRPM8 sensor
What drugs for Pruritus can activate the TRPM8 sensor?
Menthol and Camphor
Effects of Menthol and Camphor?
- Activate the TRPM8 sensor
= COOLs skin
MOA for Capsaicin
Activates TRPV1 sensor
What drug for Pruritus can activate the TRPV1 sensor?
Capsaicin
Effects of Capsaicin
- Activates the TRPV1 sensor
= HEATs skin
Capsaicin is effective at treating?
Neuropathic itch
Hydrocortisone is a type of?
Corticosteroid
What does Hydrocortisone help to treat?
Inflammatory skin dermatoses
Doxepin is a type of?
Antihistamine
What does Doxepin help to treat?
Histamin-induced itching – ex. bug bites
Pramoxine is a type of?
Local anesthetic
What does Pramoxine treat?
Pruritus of the face that is associated with CKD
When treating pruritus, you should always start with what type of drugs?
HIGH potency to get the itching under control
When treating pruritus, you always start with HIGH potency UNLESS?
Treating the face, genitals or skin folds
When treating pruritus, you always start with HIGH potency UNLESS?
Treating the face, genitals or skin folds
What is 1 callus and wart remover?
Salicylic Acid
What does Salicylic acid do?
Removes calluses and warts
What does Salicylic acid do?
Removes calluses and warts
MOA for Salicylic acid
Inhibits COX
Salicylic acid treats calluses and warts because it causes?
Epidermal cells to shed and the skin to soften
Areas treated with Salicylic acid need?
Sun protection
What are 4 topical vasoconstrictors?
Brimonidine
Oxymetazoline
Tetrahydrozoline
Phenylephrine
What are 4 topical vasoconstrictors?
Brimonidine
Oxymetazoline
Tetrahydrozoline
Phenylephrine
MOA for Brimonidine
Alpha 2 adrenergic agonist
MOA for Oxymetazoline
Alpha 1A and 2 adrenergic agonist
MOA for Tetrahydrozoline and Phenylephrine
Adrenergic receptor agonist
What can Brimonidine and Oxymetazoline treat?
Rosacea
What 2 topical vasoconstrictors can treat Rosacea?
Brimonidine
Oxymetazoline
What can Oxymetazoline, Tetrahydrozoline and Phenylephrine treat?
Eyes
What 3 topical vasoconstrictors can treat redness of the eyes?
Oxymetazoline
Tetrahydrozoline
Phenylephrine
What do topical vasoconstrictors do?
Get the red out
This drug can treat calluses and warts
Salicylic Acid
This drug treats itching of the face that is associated with CKD
Pramoxine
This drug treats itching such as bug bites
Doxepin
This drug can treat neuropathic itch
Capsaicin
What 3 drugs can cool the skin?
Calamine
Camphor
Menthol
What are 4 drugs to treat Ectoparasites?
Malathion
Permethrin
Ivermectin
Lindane
What are 4 drugs to treat Ectoparasites?
Malathion
Permethrin
Ivermectin
Lindane
MOA for Malathion
Inhibits Cholinesterase
- treats ectoparasites
MOA for Permethrin
Binds to Na+ channels to block membrane repolarization
- treats ectoparasites
MOA for Ivermectin
Binds to Glutamate gated Cl- channels to hyperpolarize nerve and muscle cells
- treats ectoparasites
MOA for Lindane
Disrupts GABAergic transmission
- treats ectoparasites
What is the most toxic/last resort treatment for Ectoparasites?
Lindane
