HIV Pharm - NRTIs

Question 1

General MOA for NRTIs

Answer 1

(-) incorporation of native nucleotides and terminate DNA elongation

Question 2

General MOA for NRTIs

Answer 2

(-) incorporation of native nucleotides and terminate DNA elongation

Question 3

NRTIs must enter the cell and become _______

Answer 3

Phosphorylated

Question 4

NRTIs (-)

Answer 4

Reverse transcriptase

– Takes RNA to DNA

Question 5

NRTIs must (-) Reverse Transcriptase without (-) DNA?

Answer 5

Polymerase of the host cell

Question 6

Some NRTIs (-) _____ DNA polymerase ___

Answer 6

Mitochondrial DNA Polymerase Gamma

Question 7

The widely used NRTIs that (-) Mitochondrial DNA Polymerase Gamma have ____ affinity for gamma

Answer 7

LOW affinity

Question 8

Zidovudine interferes with?

Answer 8

Thymidine incorporation

Question 9

Adverse side effects of Zidovudine?

Answer 9

Bone marrow suppression
Myopathy
Hepatic Steatosis

Question 10

What was the first ART drug discovered?

Answer 10

Zidovudine

Question 11

Stavudine interferes with?

Answer 11

Thymidine incorporation

Question 12

Adverse side effects of Stavudine?

Answer 12

Peripheral neuropathy and fat wasting

Question 13

What NRTIs interfere with Thymidine incorporation?

Answer 13

Zidovudine

Stavudine

Question 14

Zidovudine and Stavudine and ____ used now

Answer 14

Less used now

Question 15

Emtricitabine inteferes with?

Answer 15

Cytosine incorporation

Question 16

Emtricitabine has a ____ barrier to resistance if monotherapy

Answer 16

LOW

Question 17

Emtricitabine half life and metabolism?

Answer 17

Long half life and excreted UNCHANGED in urine

Question 18

Emtricitabine is one of the least toxic agents! What is one possible side effect?

Answer 18

Hyperpigmentation of the palms/soles with prolonged use

Question 19

Iamivudine interferes with?

Answer 19

Cytosine incorporation

Question 20

Iamivudine has a ___ barrier to resistance if monotherapy

Answer 20

LOW

Question 21

Iamivudine half life and metabolism?

Answer 21

Long half life and excreted UNCHANGED in urine

Question 22

Iamivudine is one of the least toxic agents! What is it similar to?

Answer 22

Emtricitabine

Question 23

Emtricitabine is similar to?

Answer 23

Iamivudine

Question 24

What NRTIs interfere with Cytosine incorporation?

Answer 24

Emtricitabine

Iamivudine

Question 25

What agent is often used with Iamivudine to treat naive patients?

Answer 25

Dolutegravir

Question 26

What agent is often used with Iamivudine to treat naive patients?

Answer 26

Dolutegravir

Question 27

What NRTI interferes with Guanine incorporation?

Answer 27

Abacavir

Question 28

Abacavir interferes with?

Answer 28

Guanine incorporation

Question 29

Abacavir should not be used with patients with what locus?

Answer 29

HLA-B*5701

Question 30

In patients with HLA-B*5701 locus, what does Abacavir cause?

Answer 30

Aberrant TNF release | = Potentially fatal hypersensitivity syndrome

Question 31

Adverse effects of Abacavir?

Answer 31

Potentially fatal hypersensitivity syndrome | Avoided in CAD patients

Question 32

Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate interferes with?

Answer 32

Adenosine incorporation

Question 33

Adverse effects of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate?

Answer 33

Nephrotoxicity that can cause Fanconi Syndrome | Decreased bone mineral density

Question 34

Tenofovir Alafenamide interferes with?

Answer 34

Adenosine incorporation

Question 35

Adverse effects of Tenofovir Alafenamide?

Answer 35

LESS renal and bone toxicity than Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate -- Can cause slight weight gain

Question 36

What NRTIs interfere with Adenosine incorporation?

Answer 36

Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate | Tenofovir Alafenamide

Question 37

What NRTI that interferes with Adenosine incorporation causes slight weight gain but less renal and bone toxicity?

Answer 37

Tenofovir Alafenamide

Question 38

What NRTI that interferes with Adenosine incorporation causes nephrotoxicity and decreased bone mineral density?

Answer 38

Tenofovir Disproxil Fumarate

Question 39

What NRTI that interferes with Guanine incorporation causes aberrant TNF release in some patients?

Answer 39

Abacavir

Question 40

What NRTI that interferes with Cytosine incorporation can cause sole/palm hyperpigmentation with prolonged use?

Answer 40

Emtricitabine

Question 41

ART involves 2 NRTIs that each target?

Answer 41

A different base

Question 42

ART involves 2 NRTIs that each target?

Answer 42

A different base

Question 43

What is the best combo of NRTIs?

Answer 43

Emtricitabine + Tenofovir

Question 44

What is the best combo of NRTIs?

Answer 44

Emtricitabine + Tenofovir

Question 45

What is the best combo of NRTIs?

Answer 45

Emtricitabine + Tenofovir