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SBL > Hand Hygiene/Moisturizers/Sunscreens > Flashcards

Hand Hygiene/Moisturizers/Sunscreens Flashcards

1
Q

4 variables of percutaneous pharmacokinetics?

A
  1. Regional
  2. Concentration gradient
  3. Dosing schedule
  4. Vehicles/occlusion
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2
Q

4 variables of percutaneous pharmacokinetics?

A
  1. Regional
  2. Concentration gradient
  3. Dosing schedule
  4. Vehicles/occlusion
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3
Q

What is a cream?

A

50% water and 50% oil with an emulsifier

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4
Q

50% water and 50% oil with emulsifier

A

Cream

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5
Q

Attributes of a cream?

A
  • Can spread easily and is well absorbed

- Can be washed off with water

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6
Q

Creams are better for what type of skin conditions?

A

Oozing/wet skin conditions

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7
Q

What is an ointment?

A

20% water and 80% oil

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8
Q

20% water and 80% oil

A

Ointment

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9
Q

Attributes of an ointment?

A
  • Greasy and NOT well absorbed

- Stays on the skin surface

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10
Q

Ointments are better for what type of skin conditions?

A

Dry skin to trap in moisture

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11
Q

Between a cream and an ointment, which is LESS likely to cause an allergic reaction?

A

Ointment

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12
Q

Purpose of hand hygiene?

A

Decrease transmission of microorganisms to other areas of body or to other patients

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13
Q

5 times when you should perform hand hygiene

A
  1. Before touching a patient
  2. Before a procedure
  3. After touching a patient
  4. After touching a patient’s surroundings
  5. After bodily fluid exposure
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14
Q

Proper hand washing conditions?

A

15-30 seconds with plain soap

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15
Q

What is a faster, easier, and more effective measure than washing hands?

A

Alcohol antiseptic

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16
Q

Alcohol antiseptic kills everything EXCEPT?

A

C. Difficile

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17
Q

How must you get rid of C. Difficile?

A

Wash with soap and water

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18
Q

3 moisturizer components?

A
  1. Emollients
  2. Humectants
  3. Horny substance softeners
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19
Q

What are Emollients?

A
  • Moisturizer component

= Oily layer that traps water in skin

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20
Q

Oily layer of a moisturizer that traps water in the skin

A

Emollient

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21
Q

Examples of Emollients? (4)

A

Petrolatum
Lanolin
Dimethicone
Mineral oil

22
Q

Petrolatum, Lanolin, Dimethicone and Mineral oil are all?

A

Emollients

- oily layer that traps water in skin

23
Q

What are Humectants?

A
  • Moisturizer component

= Draws water into outer layer of skin

24
Q

Draws water into outer layer of skin

A

Humectants

25
Q

Examples of Humectants? (3)

A

Glycerin
Lecithin
Propylene glycol

26
Q

Glycerin, Lecithin and Propylene glycol are all?

A

Humectants

- draws water into outer layer of skin

27
Q

What are Horny substance softeners?

A

Helps dead skin fall off and gives it smoother feeling

28
Q

Helps dead skin fall off and gives it smoother feeling

A

Horny substance softeners

29
Q

Examples of Horny substance softeners? (4)

A

Alpha hydroxyacids
Salicylic acid
Urea
Allantoin

30
Q

Alpha hydroxyacids, Salicylic acid, Urea and Allantoin are all?

A

Horny substance softeners

- helps dead skin fall off and gives it smoother feeling

31
Q

UVA radiation causes?

A

Skin aging and cancer

32
Q

UVB radiation causes?

A

Sunburn, skin aging and photocarcinogenesis

33
Q

What are sunscreens?

A

Chemical compounds that absorb UV light

34
Q

3 types of sunscreens?

A

PABA
Benzophenones
Dibenzoylmethanes

35
Q

What sunscreen is active in the UVB range?

A

PABA

36
Q

Adverse effect of PABA?

A

Hypersensitivity reactions

37
Q

What sunscreen has a wide radiation wavelength range?

A

Benzophenones

38
Q

Benzophenones have?

A

Wide radiation wavelength range

39
Q

What sunscreen is active in the UVA range?

A

Dibenzoylmethanes

40
Q

In what condition are Dibenzoylmethanes useful?

A

Drug-induced photosensitivity

41
Q

What are sunshades?

A

Opaque materials that reflect light

42
Q

Main sunshade material?

A

Titanium Dioxide

43
Q

What is Titanium Dioxide?

A

Sunshade - material that reflects light

44
Q

SPF

A

Ratio of minimal erythema dose WITH sunscreen to minimal erythema dose WITHOUT sunscreen

45
Q

What is a broad-spectrum, anti-microbial agent used to clean homes and hospitals?

A

Chlorhexidine

46
Q

What is Chlorhexidine used for?

A

To clean homes and hospitals

47
Q

Why is Chlorhexidine so great?

A

Safe, low irritability, general efficacy on skin and oral mucuosa

48
Q

What are the hardest organisms to kill?

A

Prions
Protozoa
Spores

49
Q

Biofilms offer?

A

Antibiotic resistance

50
Q

How do Biofilms offer antibiotic resistance?

A

Limited penetration and antibiotic neutralization

SBL (48 decks)

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