Semester 1 Final Matching Flashcards
means old stone
paleolith
means new stone
neolith
small chipped stone-attached as spearheads on arrows
microlith
arc of land (fertile)between Tigris and Euphrates Rivers
Fertile Crescent
means land between the rivers
Mesopotamia
evidence of plant/animal preserved in stone
fossil
objects left by early peoples
artifact
dictates how the soul moves
karma
Guatama’s new identity
Buddha
state of being free of pain and sorrow (Buddhism)
Nirvana
cast of untouchables/outcasts
pariah
wall paintings depicted life in Early Greece
frescoes
epic poem telling of the Trojan Wars
The Iliad
epic poem telling of Greek warriors return to home
The Odyssey
Creek city-state
polis
ruler who seizes power unlawfully
tyrant
slaves of Spartan society
Helots
blending of Greek and Roma civilizations
Hellenistic
first settlers of Rome
Latins
Roman class of wealthy landowners
Patricians
Roman class of commoners
Plebians
body of 300 aristocrats; governed Rome
Senate
3 man commission who governed Rome
triumvirate
March 15, 44 B.C.; death of Julius Caesar
Ides of March
Blend of Greek and Roman cultures
Greco-Roman
Roman innovation of bringing water to city of Rome
aqueducts
referred to Eastern half of Roman empire
Byzantine
appointed dictator for life of Rome in 44 B.C.
Julius Caesar
co-conspirator in plot to murder Caesar
Brutus
Caesar’s great nephew and heir
Octavian
Egyptian leader; allies with Marc Antony
Cleopatra
first emperor of Rome; new title
Augustus
holiest shrine of Islam
Kaaba
holy month of Islam
Ramadan
Muhammed’s journey from Mecca to Medina
hegira
“Successor to Prophet” Muhammed
caliph
a Muslim temple
mosque
holy city of Islam
Mecca
refers to Islamic “holy war”
jihad
one true god of Islam
Allah
“city of the Prophet”
Medina
angel who delivered messages to Muhammed
Jibreel
end of classical period and beginning of modern world
medieval period
agents employed by Charlemagne to administer law
Missi Dominici
large self-sufficient estates of medieval Europe
manor
peasants bound to the manorial estates
serf
Known as this after his victory at Hastings 1066
William the Conqueror
Monarch forced into signing the Magna Carta
John I
document which limited the king’s authority (1215)
Magna Carta
a greater noble of feudal Europe
lord
lesser lord, granted land by a noble
vassal
feudal estate granted by a lord to a vassal
fief
published the Prince; ruler govern by any methods
Machiavelli
introduced moveable type to printing press
Gutenberg
his attack on church led to Reformation
Martin Luther
French Calvinists
Huguenots
special court only tried heresy
Inquisition
Spanish soldier/explorer
conquistador
crossed Panama and sighted the Pacific Ocean
Balboa
searched for the Fountain of Youth
Ponce de Leon
Aztec chief at the time of Spanish conquest
Montezuma
Inca chief at time of Spanish conquest
Atahualpa
Spaniard who conquered the Aztecs
Cortez
Spaniard who conquered the Incas
Pizarro
private firm that sold shares to investors
joint-stock company
studied and detailed the human anatomy
Vesalius
proposed the law of universal gravitation
Newton
1588 King Phillip of Spain attempts to conquer England
Spanish Armada
another name for the Puritans
Separatists
wanted to purify the Anglican Church
Puritans
legislative group of nobles and clergy
House of Lordsf
legislative body of burgesses and gentry
House of Commons
were professionals and merchants in the English towns
burgesses
land owners of England
gentry
Time before recorded history
prehistory