Section 13 Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

Inquisition

A

a special court that tried cases of heresy

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2
Q

Iron Age

A

people learned to extract iron from ore and use it to forge tools and weapons

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3
Q

Joan of Arc

A

a French military leader who at the age of seventeen took up arms to establish the rightful king on the French throne; claimed to have heard God speak to her; these claims eventually led to her trial for heresy and her execution

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4
Q

Julius Caesar

A

Roman general and dictator in the first century B.C.; on a subsequent campaign in Asia he reported to the senate, “I came, I saw, I conquered.”; was assassinated by his friend Brutus and others on the senate floor on the Ides of March in 44 B.C.

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5
Q

knight

A

a mounted warrior in the Middle Ages

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6
Q

Latin

A

the language of ancient Rome

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7
Q

Ferdinand Magellan

A

his crew was the first to sail around the Earth, although Magellan himself was killed on the voyage

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8
Q

Magna Carta

A

list of rights and privileges that King John of England signed under pressure from English noblemen

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9
Q

Battle of Marathon

A

ancient Greeks defeated a much larger army of the Persian Empire

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10
Q

Mayas

A

a Native American people in what is now Mexico and northern Central America until around 1600

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11
Q

Medici

A

patrons of the arts who lived in Florence, Italy during the Renaissance

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12
Q

medieval

A

descriptive term for the Middle Ages

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13
Q

Mesopotamia

A

region known as the “cradle of civilization”

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14
Q

Middle Ages

A

began with the Fall of Rome and ended with the Renaissance

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15
Q

Thomas More

A

was beheaded because he refused to recognize Henry VIII as head of the Christian Church in England

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16
Q

Nero

A

ancient Roman emperor who persecuted Christians, blaming them for a great fire in Rome

17
Q

Norman Conquest

A

William the Conqueror proclaimed himself king of England after defeating Harold at the Battle of Hastings

18
Q

Ottoman Empire

A

empire between the fourteenth and twentieth centuries; included many parts of southeastern Europe and the Middle East

19
Q

Pax Romana

A

means Roman peace

20
Q

indulgence

A

a declaration by church authorities that someone who says certain prayers or does good deeds will have all of their punishment in Purgatory remitted