Section 11 Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

Alexander the Great

A

ruler of Greece in fourth century B.C.; he conquered most of the ancient world, extending the civilization of Greece east to India

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2
Q

Athens

A

leading city of ancient Greece

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3
Q

Augustus Caesar

A

the first emperor of Rome

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4
Q

Aztecs

A

Native American people who ruled Mexico and neighboring areas before the Spaniards conquered them

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5
Q

Babylon

A

a city in ancient Mesopotamia famed for its hanging gardens

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6
Q

Francis Bacon

A

An English politician, scientist, and author during the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries

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7
Q

Vasco Nunez de Balboa

A

first European to discover the Pacific Ocean

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8
Q

Thomas a Becket

A

Was archbishop of Canterbury; four of the king’s men, thinking that the king wanted Becket put to death, murdered him

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9
Q

Black Death

A

a disease that killed nearly half the people of western Europe in the fourteenth century

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10
Q

Anne Bolyn

A

second wife of King Henry VIII; mother of Queen Elizabeth I; convicted of adultery and beheaded

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11
Q

Bronze Age

A

roughly 4000 B.C. to the onset of the Iron Age

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12
Q

Brutus

A

Roman politician who helped assassinate his friend Julius Caesar

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13
Q

Byzantine Empire

A

centered at Constantinople; began as the eastern portion of the Roman Empire

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14
Q

Caligula

A

A cruel and insane ruler of the Roman Empire in the first century A.D.

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15
Q

Carthage

A

ancient city in north Africa; commercial and political rival of Rome; At the end of the Punic Wars, the Romans destroyed Carthage

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16
Q

Cato

A

a politician of ancient Rome; had a custom of ending all his speeches in the Roman senate with the words “Carthage must be destroyed.”

17
Q

chivalry

A

methods of training and standards of behavior for knights in the Middle Ages

18
Q

classical antiquity

A

the age of ancient history dominated by the cultures of Greece and Rome

19
Q

Cleopatra

A

queen of Egypt in the first century B.C. famous for her beauty, charm, and luxurious living

20
Q

conquistadors

A

Spanish military leaders who established Spanish rule in the New World