Chapter 12 Notes Flashcards
Old Regime
the French government prior to 1789
estates
referred to the French social classes
1st estate was made up of
the clergy
high clergy
was made up of the abbott, bishop, and archbishop
didn’t have to pay taxes
lower clergy
parish priests- did most of the work with very little pay
2nd estate was made up of
the nobility
3rd estate was made up of
the rest of the population
bourgeoisie
urban middle class/ city workers, day laborers, artisans
peasants made up
the largest group
the third estate had no
political power or freedoms
natural rights were
liberty and equality; this idea was enough to unify the various groups to challenge the king
the monarch of France during a financial crisis was who ruled for
Louis XV
59 years
he inherited the debts of Louis XIV
in 1774 the new monarch was
Louis XVI
Louis XVI married
Marie Antoinette from Austria
debts were increasing for France so to raise money Louis XVI tries to
tax the first and second estates
by 1787 bankers did not
loan any more money to the French government
meeting of the Estates General (May 5, 1789) was a meeting of
the French government
the meeting of the Estates General was called by and was held at
Louis XVI
Versailles
in the past the 3 estates had met and each estate had only
separately
one vote
1st and 2nd estate would
outvote the 3rd estate
3rd estate wanted to vote as and their argument was that
individuals their class truly represented the French people
3rd estate and creates a
walked out of the legislature
new government called the National Assembly
The action of creating the National Assembly marks
the beginning of the French Revolution
Tennis Court Oath
the oath that the National Assembly agreed to that said they will meet until a new constitution is written
Bastille is stormed by
peasants on July 14, 1789
Bastille
an old prison used to store military surplus items
the swept across the land
Great Fear
the peasant reaction
they were angry because of food shortages
one of the actions taken by the National Assembly by August 1789 to end the old regime
they formally did away with feudalism
the Declaration of Rights of Man gave basic
human rights and political power
what did the Declaration of Rights of Man say
- men born equal 2. granted freedoms-speech, press, and religion 3. guaranteed right to a fair trial
what was the motto of the revolution
“Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity” (which means brotherhood)
emegres
“Noble Emigrants”
they were nobles who fled France fearing for their safety
the March on Versailles (Oct. 5, 1789)
was led by angry women and it forced Louis and his family back to Paris
What did the Constitution of 1791 do?
- limited authority of king 2. divided government into three branches
Louis plots with __________ and wants to restore __________ but is urged to _________________ and ________________________.
emigres
the monarchy
flee France
get help from foreign governments
What happens after Louis tries to flee France?
Louis and his family are captured and brought back to Paris
the Legislative Assembly was
the new government that was a limited constitutional monarchy
Commune
the radical city government of Paris