Chapter Fourteen Fill in the Blank Flashcards

1
Q

Michael Faraday developed the first electric generator or

A

dynamo

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2
Q

In 1879 created a light bulb that glowed for two days before burning out, and this became the new source of light for home, streets, and factories

A

Thomas Edison

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3
Q

IN 1895 built on the work of earlier scientists and developed a way to send messages through space without wires

A

Guglielmo Marconi

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4
Q

The development of engines that carried their own energy supply allowed Frank Duryea to build the first successful gasoline-driven in the United States

A

automobile

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5
Q

The scientific principles that govern the movement of air around objects are called

A

aerodynamics

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6
Q

Branches of knowledge that scientifically study people as members of society are collectively called the

A

social sciences

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7
Q

According to , people who acquired wealth and power did so because of their superior abilities, while unfit people remained poor.

A

social Darwinism

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8
Q

In his book The Golden Bough, compared the customs of different societies and tried to show links between those societies.

A

James George Frazer

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9
Q

French philosopher argued that sociologists should follow scientific methods by using objective facts, not personal interpretations

A

Auguste Comte

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10
Q

The process of revealing and analyzing unconscious motivations is called

A

psychoanalysis

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11
Q

By working with dogs, concluded that human actions are responses to outside stimuli and can be changed by training

A

Ivan Pavlov

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12
Q

introduced the idea of the unconscious and believed that dreams express one’s unconscious desires or fears

A

Sigmund Freud

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13
Q

applied Darwin’s theory of natural selection to human societies and coined the phrase survival of the fittest

A

Herbert Spencer

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14
Q

the application of scientific solutions to industrial problems

A

led to the creation of new products and materials

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