Section 14 Vocab

Question 1

Persian Empire

Answer 1

Under the Kings Darius and Xerxes they attempted to conquer Greece several times in the fifth century B.C. but were defeated

Question 2

Pharaohs

Answer 2

The Kings of ancient Egypt

Question 3

Phoenicia

Answer 3

The Phoenicians were famed as traders and sailors. They developed an alphabet that was eventually adapted by the Greeks and Romans into the alphabet used today

Question 4

Francisco Pizarro

Answer 4

Spanish conquistador who overthrew the rulers of the Incas

Question 5

Marco Polo

Answer 5

An Italian explorer; one of the first Europeans to travel across Asia

Question 6

Pompeii

Answer 6

City of the Roman Empire; destroyed in the first century by an eruption of nearby Mt. Vesuvius

Question 7

Juan Ponce de León

Answer 7

A Spanish conquistador who named Florida while searching for the Fountain of Youth

Question 8

Ptolemy

Answer 8

Ancient Greek astronomer who proposed that the movements of the planets along with the sun and the stars revolved around the Earth

Question 9

Punic Wars

Answer 9

Between ancient Carthage and Rome

Question 10

Pyramids

Answer 10

Huge monuments built as burial vaults for the pharaohs

Question 11

Reformation

Answer 11

A religious movement that began as an attempted reform of the Roman Catholic Church but resulted in the founding of Protestant churches

Question 12

Renaissance

Answer 12

The cultural rebirth from the fourteenth through the middle of the seventeenth centuries

Question 13

Richard the Lion-Hearted

Answer 13

An English King who fought in the Crusades

Question 14

Wars of the Roses

Answer 14

A series of wars fought by two English houses; the House of Lancaster had a red rose as its emblem; the House of York had a white rose

Question 15

Rosetta Stone

Answer 15

Key to understanding Egyptian writing

Question 16

Rubicon

Answer 16

River in northern Italy Julius Caesar crossed with his army violating the orders of the leaders of Rome who feared his power; a civil war followed in which Caesar emerged as ruler of Rome

Question 17

Saladin

Answer 17

His capture of Jerusalem precipitated a crusade

Question 18

Serf

Answer 18

Peasant bound to the land

Question 19

Sparta

Answer 19

Ancient Greek city state known for its militaristic government

Question 20

Pericles

Answer 20

His rule is sometimes known as the Golden Age of Greece